Isicelo:

I-Toluene diisocyanates isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukwenza amagwebu e-polyurethane athambileyo ukuze asetyenziswe kwifanitshala, indawo yokulala, kunye nezihlalo zemoto kunye neenqwelomoya.Okunye, usetyenziso oluncinci lwenzelwe i-polyurethane elastomers (yee-automobile bumper covers, iirola zemizi-mveliso, ii-soles zemidlalo kunye neebhutsi, kunye nempahla yomatshini) kunye neengubo (zokulungiswa kweemoto, ukugqiba iinkuni, kunye nemigangatho ephezulu yokuchasana nokubola) (ICIS 2009).I-toluene diisocyanate-based rigid polyurethane foam isetyenziswa kwiifriji zasekhaya kunye neendawo zokuhlala okanye uphahla lwezorhwebo kwibhodi okanye kwifomu ye-laminate (IARC 1986).Ugwebu oluqinileyo oluthi “igalela” okanye “ukutshiza” lusetyenziswa njengokugquma kwiitreyila zelori, iinqwelo zikaloliwe ezithwala imithwalo, kunye nezikhongozeli zempahla.I-alkyds eguqulwe nge-polyurethane iqulethe malunga ne-6% ukuya kwi-7% ye-isocyanate, ubukhulu becala i-toluene diisocyanates, kwaye isetyenziswa njengezinto zokugquma, ezifana nokugqitywa komgangatho, ukugqitywa kweplanga, kunye neepeyinti.Iingubo zokunyanga ukufuma zisetyenziswa njengezitywini zomthi kunye nekhonkrithi kunye nokugqitywa komgangatho.Iinqwelomoya, iilori, kunye neengubo zokwaleka zeemoto zabakhweli zihlala ziyilwe ziinkqubo ze-toluene diisocyanate prepolymer.I-urethane elastomers enokugalelwa isetyenziswa kwizicelo ezifuna ukomelela, ukuguquguquka, kunye nokufunxa ukothuka, kwaye ziyamelana ne-oyile, izinyibilikisi, kunye nemitha ye-ultraviolet.Zisetyenziswa kwiikhompawundi zokuncamathelisa kunye ne-sealant nakwiindawo zemoto, ii soli zezihlangu, amavili e-rollerskate, ii-pond liners, kunye neengxowa zegazi.Zikwasetyenziswa emasimini inoil kunye nemigodi.Iimveliso ezithile ze-elastomer ziveliswa kwi-isomer ecocekileyo ye-2,4 kunomxube we-80:20.

Amaqela asebenzayo kwi-TDI asabelana namaqela e-hydroxyl ukwenza unxibelelwano lwe-urethane, oluthi lusetyenziswe ekwenzeni amagwebu e-polyurethane athambileyo ukuze asetyenziswe kwifanitshala, iindawo zokulala, kunye nezihlalo zezithuthi nezorhwebo.Olunye usetyenziso lubandakanya i-polyurethane elastomers esetyenziswa kwizigqubuthelo zebhampa yemoto, iirola zemizi-mveliso, izihlangu zemidlalo, kunye nempahla yomatshini kunye neengubo zokugquma (intsimbi, iinkuni, kunye nemigangatho ephezulu yokunqanda ukubola).I-TDI-based rigid polyurethane foam isetyenziswa kwiifriji zasekhaya kunye nokwakhiwa kwendawo yokuhlala efana nokufulela kunye nophahla lwezorhwebo.I-TDI isitshizi-kwigwebu elomeleleyo sisetyenziswa njenge-insulation kwiitreyila zelori, iimoto ezithuthwayo zikaloliwe, kunye nezikhongozeli zemithwalo zaphesheya.Iingubo ze-TDI ezinyanga ukufuma zisetyenziswa njengamaplanga kunye nezitywini zekhonkrithi kunye nokugqitywa komgangatho.