Phenolyimathiriyeli ekrwada yekhemikhali ebaluleke kakhulu, enoluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa kushishino lweekhemikhali kunye nezinye iindawo.Kweli nqaku, siza kuhlalutya kwaye sixoxe ngeemveliso eziphambili zephenol.

kufuneka sazi ukuba yintoni phenol.I-Phenol yikhompawundi ye-hydrocarbon enuka kamnandi ene-molecular formula C6H6O.Yikristale engenambala okanye emhlophe eqinileyo enevumba elikhethekileyo.I-Phenol isetyenziswa kakhulu njengento ekrwada yokuveliswa kweemveliso zeekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo, ezifana ne-bisphenol A, i-phenolic resin, njl njl. I-Bisphenol A yenye yezona mveliso zibalulekileyo ze-phenol, ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso ye-epoxy resin, iplastiki. , i-fiber, ifilimu, njl. Ukongeza, i-phenol iphinda isetyenziswe njengento eluhlaza yokuvelisa amayeza, i-pesticides, idayi, i-surfactants kunye nezinye iimveliso zamachiza.

Ukuze siqonde iimveliso eziphambili zephenol, kufuneka siqale sihlalutye inkqubo yokuvelisa.Inkqubo yokuvelisa i-phenol ngokuqhelekileyo ihlukaniswe ngamanyathelo amabini: isinyathelo sokuqala kukusebenzisa i-tar yamalahle njengento eluhlaza ukuvelisa i-benzene ngokusebenzisa inkqubo ye-carbonization kunye ne-distillation;Inyathelo lesibini kukusebenzisa i-benzene njengesixhobo sokuvelisa i-phenol ngenkqubo ye-oxidation, i-hydroxylation kunye ne-distillation.Kule nkqubo, i-benzene i-oxidized ukwenza i-phenolic acid, emva koko i-phenolic acid iphinda ifakwe kwi-oxidized ukwenza i-phenol.Ukongeza, kukho ezinye iindlela zokuvelisa i-phenol, ezifana nokuguqulwa kwe-petroleum okanye i-coal-tar gasification.

Emva kokuqonda inkqubo yokuvelisa i-phenol, sinokuhlalutya ngakumbi iimveliso zayo eziphambili.Okwangoku, imveliso ebaluleke kakhulu ye-phenol yi-bisphenol A. Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, i-bisphenol A isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso ye-epoxy resin, iplastiki, i-fiber, ifilimu kunye nezinye iimveliso.Ukongeza kwi-bisphenol A, kukho nezinye iimveliso ezibalulekileyo ze-phenol, ezifana ne-diphenyl ether, i-nylon 66 ityuwa, njl.Inayiloni 66 ityuwa ingasetyenziswa njengefayibha ephezulu yamandla kunye neplastiki yobunjineli kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo ezifana noomatshini, iimoto kunye ne-aerospace.

Ekugqibeleni, imveliso enkulu ye-phenol yi-bisphenol A, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso ye-epoxy resin, iplastiki, i-fiber, ifilimu kunye nezinye iimveliso.Ukongeza kwi-bisphenol A, kukho nezinye iimveliso ezibalulekileyo ze-phenol, ezifana ne-diphenyl ether kunye ne-nylon 66 yetyuwa.Ukuze uhlangabezane neemfuno zemimandla eyahlukeneyo yesicelo, kuyimfuneko ukuqhubeka nokuphucula inkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nomgangatho wemveliso ye-phenol kunye neemveliso zayo ezinkulu.