I-acetonesisinyibilikisi esiqhelekileyo, esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimichiza, unyango, amayeza kunye nezinye iinkalo. Nangona kunjalo, zininzi iikhompawundi ezinamandla kune-acetone malunga nokunyibilika kunye nokusebenza kwakhona.

 

Okokuqala, makhe sithethe ngotywala. I-ethanol butywala basekhaya obuqhelekileyo. Inonyibiliko olomeleleyo kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukunyibilikisa iikhompawundi ezininzi zezinto eziphilayo. Ukongezelela, i-ethanol ineempembelelo ezithile ze-antiseptic kunye ne-anesthetic, engasetyenziselwa ukutshatyalaliswa kweentsholongwane kunye nokunciphisa intlungu. Ukongeza kwi-ethanol, kukho nezinye ii-alcohols eziphezulu ezifana ne-methanol, i-propanol kunye ne-butanol. Ezi nxili zinenyibiliko eyomeleleyo kwaye zinokusetyenziselwa ukunyibilikisa iikhompawundi ezininzi.

 

Emva koko, sithetha nge-ether. I-Ether luhlobo lolwelo oluguquguqukayo olunendawo yokubila ephantsi kunye nokunyibilika okuphezulu. Isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo njenge-solvent kunye ne-reagent kwishishini lemichiza. Ukongeza, i-ether ine-polarity enamandla kwaye inokunxibelelana ngamandla namanzi. Ngoko ke, isoloko isetyenziselwa ukukhupha kunye nokucoca i-organic compounds. Ukongeza kwi-ether esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, kukho nezinye ii-ethers ezifana ne-diethyl ether kunye ne-dipropyl ether. Ezi ether zinonyibiliko olomeleleyo kwaye zingasetyenziselwa ukunyibilikisa iikhompawundi ezininzi.

 

Ukongeza kwezi zixhobo zingasentla, kukho nezinye iikhompawundi ezifana ne-acetamide, i-dimethylformamide kunye ne-dimethylsulfoxide. Ezi khompawundi zinokunyibilika okunamandla kwaye zingasetyenziselwa ukunyibilikisa iikhompawundi ezininzi. Ukongeza, ezi khompawundi zinemisebenzi ethile yomzimba kwaye zinokusetyenziswa kwishishini loxubo mayeza kwi-synthesis yamachiza okanye njenge-solvent yokuhanjiswa kweziyobisi.

 

Ngamafutshane, zininzi iikhompawundi ezinamandla kune-acetone malunga nokunyibilika kunye nokusebenza kwakhona. Ezi khompawundi zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiikhemikhali, ezonyango, kumayeza kunye nezinye iinkalo. Ukongeza, ezi khompawundi zinemisebenzi ethile yomzimba kwaye zinokusetyenziswa kwishishini loxubo mayeza kwi-synthesis yamachiza okanye njenge-solvent yokuhanjiswa kweziyobisi. Ngoko ke, ukuze siphucule ukuqonda kwethu kwezi zixhobo, kufuneka siqhubeke sinikela ingqalelo ekuphuhliseni nasekusetyenzisweni kwezi zixhobo.


Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-14-2023