I-Phenol yimathiriyeli ekrwada yeekhemikhali ebaluleke kakhulu enoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo.Iindlela zayo zokuvelisa urhwebo zinomdla omkhulu kubaphandi kunye nabavelisi.Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zemveliso yorhwebo ye-phenol, ezi: inkqubo ye-cumene kunye nenkqubo ye-cresol.

Inkqubo ye-cumene yeyona ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso yentengiso ye-phenol.Ibandakanya ukusabela kwe-cumene ngebenzene xa kukho i-acid catalyst ukuvelisa i-cumene hydroperoxide.I-hydroperoxide iphinda iphendule ngesiseko esomeleleyo njengesodium hydroxide ukuvelisaphenolkunye ne-acetone.Olona ncedo luphambili lwale nkqubo kukuba isebenzisa izinto ezingabizi kakhulu kwaye iimeko zokusabela zinobulali, iyenza isebenze kwaye kulula ukuyilawula.Ngoko ke, inkqubo ye-cumene isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso ye-phenol.

Inkqubo ye-cresol yindlela engaqhelekanga yokuvelisa imveliso ye-phenol.Ibandakanya ukusabela kwe-toluene kunye ne-methanol phambi kwe-acid catalyst ukuvelisa i-cresol.I-cresol ke i-hydrogenated phambi kwe-catalyst efana ne-platinum okanye i-palladium ukuvelisa i-phenol.Inzuzo ephambili yale nkqubo kukuba isebenzisa izinto ezingabizi kakhulu kwaye iimeko zokusabela zilula, kodwa inkqubo inzima kwaye ifuna izixhobo ezingaphezulu kunye namanyathelo.Ukongezelela, inkqubo ye-cresol ivelisa inani elikhulu leemveliso, ezinciphisa ukusebenza kwayo kwezoqoqosho.Ngoko ke, le ndlela ayiqhelekanga ukusetyenziswa kwimveliso ye-phenol.

Isishwankathelo, kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zemveliso yorhwebo ye-phenol: inkqubo ye-cumene kunye nenkqubo ye-cresol.Inkqubo ye-cumene isetyenziswa kakhulu kuba isebenzisa izinto ezingabizi kakhulu, ineemeko zokusabela kancinci, kwaye kulula ukuyilawula.Inkqubo ye-cresol ayisetyenziswanga ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa yokuba idinga izixhobo ezininzi kunye namanyathelo, inenkqubo enzima, kwaye ivelisa inani elikhulu lemveliso, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwayo kwezoqoqosho.Kwixesha elizayo, ubuchwephesha obutsha kunye neenkqubo zinokuphuhliswa ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zemveliso, ukuvula amathuba amatsha okuveliswa kwentengiso ye-phenol.