Phenolyimathiriyeli ekrwada ebaluleke kakhulu, esetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso yeekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo, njengeplastiki, irabha, iyeza, i-pesticide, njl. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi izinto ezisetyenziswa kwi-phenol.

Iimathiriyeli ekrwada yemveliso ye-phenol ikakhulu ibandakanya ibenzene, i-methanol kunye ne-asidi ye-sulfuric.I-Benzene yinto ebaluleke kakhulu yezinto eziphilayo, ezingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iintlobo ezininzi zeemveliso zeekhemikhali, ezifana ne-phenol, i-aniline, i-acetophenone kunye nokunye.I-Methanol yinto ebalulekileyo ye-organic ekrwada, engasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iikhompawundi ezahlukeneyo kunye namaqela asebenzayo ane-oksijini.I-asidi ye-sulfuric yi-asidi ebalulekileyo ye-inorganic, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwishishini lemichiza kunye namanye amashishini.

Inkqubo yokuvelisa i-phenol kwi-benzene, i-methanol kunye ne-sulfuric acid inzima kakhulu.Okokuqala, i-benzene kunye ne-methanol ziphendulwa phantsi kwesenzo se-catalyst ukuvelisa i-cumene.Emva koko, i-cumene i-oxidized ebusweni bomoya ukuze yenze i-cumene hydroperoxide.Ekugqibeleni, i-cumene hydroperoxide iphendulwa nge-asidi ye-sulfuric diluted ukuvelisa i-phenol kunye ne-acetone.

Kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-phenol, ukukhethwa kwe-catalyst kubaluleke kakhulu.Iicatalysts ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka i-aluminium chloride, i-sulfuric acid kunye ne-phosphoric acid.Ukongezelela, iimeko zenkqubo ezifana nobushushu, uxinzelelo kunye nokugxininiswa nazo zichaphazela isivuno kunye nomgangatho wemveliso.

Ngokubanzi, izinto eziluhlaza zokuvelisa i-phenol zinzima, kwaye iimeko zenkqubo zinzima.Ukuze ufumane iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye nemveliso ephezulu, kuyimfuneko ukulawula ngokungqongqo umgangatho wezinto eziluhlaza kunye neemeko zenkqubo.Ukongeza, kuyafuneka ukuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nokhuseleko kwinkqubo yokuvelisa.Ke ngoko, xa sisebenzisa i-phenol njengento ekrwada ukuvelisa iimveliso ezahlukeneyo zeekhemikhali, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo kule miba ukuqinisekisa ukuba sinokufumana iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu kunye nemveliso ephezulu ngelixa sikhusela okusingqongileyo kunye nokhuseleko.