Izinto ze-foam ikakhulu ziquka i-polyurethane, i-EPS, i-PET kunye nezixhobo ze-rubber ze-foam, njl., ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkalo zesicelo sokufakelwa kobushushu kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla, ukunciphisa ubunzima, umsebenzi wesakhiwo, ukuchasana kwempembelelo kunye nokuthuthuzela, njl., ukubonakalisa ukusebenza, ukugubungela. inani lemizi-mveliso efana nemathiriyeli yokwakha nokwakha, ifenitshala kunye nezixhobo zasekhaya, ukuhanjiswa kwe-oyile namanzi, ezothutho, ezomkhosi kunye nokupakishwa kwempahla.Ngenxa yoluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa, ubungakanani bemarike yonyaka yangoku yezixhobo ze-foam ukugcina izinga eliphezulu lokukhula kwe-20%, kukusetyenziswa kwangoku kwezinto ezintsha kwintsimi yokukhula ngokukhawuleza, kodwa kwakhona kubangele inkxalabo enkulu yoshishino.I-Polyurethane (PU) igwebu lelona candelo likhulu leemveliso zogwebu zaseTshayina.

Ngokwezibalo, ubungakanani bemakethi yehlabathi jikelele yezinto ezinogwebu malunga ne-93.9 yeebhiliyoni zeedola, zikhula ngesantya se-4% -5% ngonyaka, kwaye kuqikelelwa ukuba ngo-2026, ubungakanani bentengiso yehlabathi jikelele yezinto ezinogwebu kulindeleke ukuba bukhule ukuya kuthi ga kwi-118.9 yeedola. ibhiliyoni.

Ngokutshintsha kugxininiso lwezoqoqosho lwehlabathi, utshintsho olukhawulezayo kwisayensi nakwitekhnoloji, kunye nophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwecandelo lamagwebu emizi-mveliso, ummandla waseAsia-Pacific ubambe esona sabelo sikhulu semakethi yobuchwephesha behlabathi.2020 China imveliso yeplastiki imveliso ifikelele 76.032 yezigidi zeetoni, phantsi 0.6% unyaka nonyaka ukusuka 81.842 yezigidi zeetoni ngo-2019. 2020 imveliso ugwebu China yafikelela 2.566 yezigidi zeetoni, phantsi 0.62% ngonyaka-ngonyaka ukusuka 0.62% unyaka-on-on-unyaka yehla ngo-2019.

Phakathi kwabo, iPhondo laseGuangdong libeka kuqala kwimveliso ye-foam kweli lizwe, kunye nemveliso yeetoni ze-643,000 kwi-2020;ilandelwa liPhondo laseZhejiang, elinemveliso yeetoni ezingama-326,000;IPhondo laseJiangsu likwindawo yesithathu, ngemveliso yeetoni ezingama-205,000;I-Sichuan kunye ne-Shandong zibekwe kwindawo yesine neyesihlanu ngokulandelelana, kunye nemveliso yeetoni ezingama-168,000 kunye ne-140,000 yeetoni ngokulandelelanayo.Ukususela kwinani lemveliso ye-foam yelizwe lonke ngo-2020, i-akhawunti ye-Guangdong i-25.1%, i-akhawunti ye-Zhejiang ye-12.7%, i-Jiangsu i-8.0%, i-akhawunti ye-Sichuan ye-6.6% kunye ne-akhawunti ye-Shandong ye-5.4%.

Okwangoku, i-Shenzhen, njengombindi weqela lesixeko sase-Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Bay Area kunye nesinye sezona zixeko ziphuhliswe kakhulu e-China ngokwamandla apheleleyo, iqokelele ikhonkco lemizi-mveliso elipheleleyo kwi-teknoloji ye-foam yaseTshayina ukusuka eluhlaza. imathiriyeli, izixhobo zemveliso, izityalo ezahlukeneyo zokuvelisa, kunye neemarike ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa kokuphela.Kumxholo wobhengezo lwehlabathi jikelele lophuhliso oluluhlaza noluzinzileyo kunye neqhinga laseTshayina “lekhabhoni ephindwe kabini”, ishishini lepolymer elinogwebu libopheleleke ekubeni lijongane notshintsho lweteknoloji kunye nenkqubo, imveliso kunye nentengiso yeR&D, kunye nohlengahlengiso lwekhonkco lonikezelo, njl. I-FOAM EXPO eNyakatho Melika naseYurophu, umququzeleli we-TARSUS Group, kunye ne-brand yayo, iya kubamba "i-FOAM EXPO China" ukususela ngoDisemba 7-9, 2022 kwi-Shenzhen International Convention and Exhibition Centre (Baoan New Hall).I-EXPO China ”, enxibelelana nabavelisi bemathiriyeli ye-polymer foam, abaphakathi be-foam kunye nabavelisi bemveliso, kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe bogwebu, ukuthobela kunye nokusebenzela uphuhliso loshishino!

I-Polyurethane yeyona nxalenye inkulu yezinto ezinogwebu

I-Polyurethane (PU) igwebu yimveliso eyenza umlinganiselo omkhulu wezinto ezinogwebu e-China.

Inxalenye ephambili ye-polyurethane foam yi-polyurethane, kwaye i-raw material ikakhulu i-isocyanate kunye ne-polyol.Ngokudibanisa izongezo ezifanelekileyo, yenza isixa esikhulu segwebu esiveliswe kwimveliso yokusabela, ukuze ufumane iimveliso ze-polyurethane foam.Ngokusebenzisa i-polymer polyol kunye ne-isocyanate kunye nezongezelelo ezahlukeneyo zokulungelelanisa ukuxinana kogwebu, amandla okuqina, ukunganyangeki kwe-abrasion, ukuqina kunye nezinye izalathi, zivuselelwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye zifakwe kubumba ukuze kwandiswe ukusabela kwekhonkco lomnqamlezo, iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto ezintsha zokwenziwa phakathi kweplastiki kunye irabha inokwakheka.

I-polyurethane foam yohlulwe kakhulu ibe ngugwebu oluthambileyo, ugwebu oluqinileyo kunye ne-spray foam.Amagwebu athambileyo asetyenziswa kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo ezifana ne-cushioning, i-padding yengubo kunye nokuhluzwa, ngelixa amagwebu aqinile asetyenziswa kakhulu kwiipaneli zokufakelwa kwe-thermal kunye nokufakwa kwe-laminated kwizakhiwo zorhwebo kunye neendawo zokuhlala kunye (nokutshiza) ukuphahla kwe-foam.

I-polyurethane igwebu eliqinileyo ubukhulu becala lulwakhiwo lweeseli ezivaliweyo kwaye ineempawu ezigqwesileyo ezifana nokugqunywa kakuhle kwe-thermal, ubunzima obulula kunye nokwakhiwa okulula.

Kwakhona ineempawu zokugquma isandi, i-shockproof, ukugquma kombane, ukumelana nobushushu, ukumelana nokubanda, ukumelana ne-solvent, njl. , i-insulation material yesakhiwo, itanki yokugcina kunye nombhobho, kunye nexabiso elincinci lisetyenziswe kwiimeko ezingafaki i-insulation, ezifana nokuxelisa umthi, izinto zokupakisha, njl.

I-polyurethane foam eqinileyo ingasetyenziswa kuphahla kunye nokufakwa eludongeni, ukugquma ucango kunye nefestile kunye nokutywinwa kwekhaka le-bubble.Nangona kunjalo, i-polyurethane i-foam insulation iya kuqhubeka nokulwa nokhuphiswano kwi-fiberglass kunye ne-PS foam.

I-Flexible polyurethane foam

Imfuno ye-polyurethane foam eguquguqukayo iye yadlula ngokuthe ngcembe i-polyurethane foam eqinile kwiminyaka yakutshanje.I-Flexible polyurethane foam luhlobo lwe-polyurethane foam eguquguqukayo kunye neqondo elithile lokunwebeka, kwaye yeyona mveliso isetyenziswa kakhulu ye-polyurethane.

Iimveliso ikakhulu ziquka ugwebu oluqinileyo oluphezulu (HRF), isiponji esibloko, ugwebu olucothayo, ugwebu oluziqwengayo (ISF), kunye nogwebu olufunxa amandla semi-rigid.

Ubume beqamza le-polyurethane igwebu eliguquguqukayo ubukhulu becala livulekileyo.Ngokubanzi, inoxinaniso oluphantsi, ukufunxwa kwesandi, ukuphefumla, ukugcinwa kobushushu kunye nezinye iipropathi, ikakhulu ezisetyenziswa njengemathiriyeli yefenitshala yokuthomalalisa, imathiriyeli yesihlalo sothutho, izinto ezahlukeneyo ezithambileyo zokudibanisa izinto ezixutyiweyo.Ukusetyenziswa kwemizi-mveliso kunye noluntu lwe-foam ethambileyo njengezinto zokuhluza, izixhobo zokugquma isandi, izixhobo ezingenokothuka, izinto zokuhombisa, izinto zokupakisha kunye nezixhobo zokugquma i-thermal.

Polyurethane ezantsi umlambo ukwanda

Ishishini le-polyurethane foam yaseTshayina likhula ngokukhawuleza, ngakumbi malunga nophuhliso lwemarike.

I-polyurethane foam ingasetyenziswa njenge-buffer package okanye i-padding buffer imathiriyeli yezixhobo ezichanekileyo zodidi oluphezulu, izixhobo ezixabisekileyo, imisebenzi yezandla yodidi oluphezulu, njl njl.inokusetyenziselwa ukupakishwa kwe-buffer yezinto ngokufaka ugwebu kwindawo.

I-Polyurethane i-foam eqinile isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-adiabatic insulation, ifriji kunye nezixhobo zokukhenkceza kunye nokugcinwa okubandayo, iipaneli ze-adiabatic, ukugquma eludongeni, ukugqunywa kombhobho, ukugquma kweetanki zokugcina, izinto ezixutywe kunye ne-foam caulking, njl.;Ugwebu oluthambileyo lwepolyurethane lusetyenziswa ikakhulu kwifanitshala, izinto zokulala kunye nezinye iimveliso zasekhaya, ezinjengeesofa kunye nezihlalo, iicushion ezingasemva, oomatrasi kunye nemiqamelo.

Ikakhulu inezicelo: (1) kwizikhenkcezisi, kwizikhongozeli, kwizikhenkcezisi (2) iintyatyambo zokulinganisa iPU (3) ushicilelo lwephepha (4) intambo yemichiza yekhemikhali (5) yendlela enesantya esiphezulu (imiqondiso yemigca yokhuselo) (6) ukuhombisa ikhaya (ugwebu). ibhodi yokuhombisa) (7) ifenitshala (umqamelo wesihlalo, isiponji soomatrasi, indawo yokuphumla engasemva, indawo yokuphumza iingalo, njl.njl.) (8) isigcwali sogwebu (9) inqwelomoya, umzi-mveliso weemoto (umqamelo wemoto, isitulo semoto, ivili lokuqhuba (10 ) iimpahla zemidlalo zodidi oluphezulu. izixhobo (izixhobo zokukhusela, izixhobo zokukhusela, abagadi bezandla, abalindi beenyawo, iiglavu zebhokisi, izigcina-ntloko, njl.) (11) i-PU yesikhumba sokwenziwa (12) imboni yezihlangu (i-PU soles) (13) iingubo eziqhelekileyo (14) iingubo ezikhethekileyo zokukhusela (15) izincamathelisi , njl. (16) i-catheters ye-venous ephakathi (izibonelelo zonyango).

Iziko lomxhuzulane wophuhliso logwebu lwe-polyurethane kwihlabathi liphela liye latshintshela eTshayina, kwaye i-polyurethane foam iye yaba lelinye lawona mashishini akhula ngokukhawuleza kumzi mveliso wemichiza waseTshayina.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uphuhliso olukhawulezileyo lokugqunywa kwefriji yasekhaya, ukonga umbane wokwakha, umzi-mveliso wamandla elanga, iimoto, ifenitshala kunye namanye amashishini kuye kwanyusa kakhulu imfuno ye-polyurethane foam.

Ngexesha "ye-13 yeSicwangciso seMinyaka emiHlanu", malunga neminyaka engama-20 yokwetyisa, ukufunxwa kunye nokudalwa ngokutsha kwemveliso ye-polyurethane, iteknoloji yemveliso ye-MDI kunye nomthamo wemveliso ziphakathi kwamanqanaba aphambili ehlabathi, iteknoloji ye-polyether polyol kunye nophando lwezenzululwazi kunye ubuchule bokusungula buqhubeka buphucuka, iimveliso eziphezulu ziyaqhubeka zivela, kwaye i-gap enamanqanaba angaphandle angaphandle iyaqhubeka iyancipha.Ngo-2019 eTshayina Ukusetyenziswa kweemveliso ze-polyurethane malunga ne-11.5 yezigidi zeetoni (kubandakanywa nezinyibilikisi), ukuthunyelwa kwemathiriyeli ekrwada kunyuka unyaka nonyaka, kwaye yeyona ndawo inkulu yemveliso ye-polyurethane yehlabathi kunye nosetyenziso, intengiso ikhula ngakumbi, kwaye ishishini ukuqala ukungena kwixesha lokuphucula iteknoloji yophuhliso oluphezulu.

Ngokomlinganiselo weshishini, ubungakanani bemarike yohlobo lwe-polyurethane yezinto ezinogwebu zenza esona sabelo sikhulu, kunye nobukhulu bemarike obumalunga ne-4.67 yezigidi zeetoni, apho ubukhulu becala bezinto ezithambileyo zogwebu lwe-polyurethane, zibalelwa malunga ne-56%.Ngophuhliso olukhulayo lwamasimi ombane kunye ne-elektroniki e-China, ngakumbi ukongezwa kwefriji kunye nosetyenziso lohlobo lolwakhiwo, isikali sentengiso yezixhobo zogwebu ze-polyurethane nazo ziyaqhubeka nokukhula.

Okwangoku, ishishini le-polyurethane liye langena kwinqanaba elitsha elikhokelwa ngokutsha kunye nophuhliso oluluhlaza njengomxholo.Okwangoku, imveliso ye-polyurethane esezantsi efana nemathiriyeli yokwakha, i-spandex, i-synthetic isikhumba kunye neemoto e-China zihamba phambili emhlabeni.Ilizwe likhuthaza ngamandla ukugquma kwamanzi, ukusebenzisa imigaqo-nkqubo emitsha yokwakha ugcino lwamandla kunye nokuphuhlisa izithuthi zamandla amatsha, nto leyo ekwazisa namathuba amakhulu entengiso kushishino lwepolyurethane.Ithagethi "yekhabhoni ephindwe kabini" ecetywayo yiChina iya kukhuthaza uphuhliso olukhawulezayo lokwakhiwa kwamandla okugcina amandla kunye noshishino lwamandla acocekileyo, oluya kuzisa amathuba amatsha ophuhliso lwezixhobo zokugquma i-polyurethane, i-coatings, izinto ezidibeneyo, i-adhesives, i-elastomers, njl.

Imarike yesixokelelwano esibandayo iqhuba imfuno yogwebu oluqinileyo lwe-polyurethane

I-Ofisi Jikelele yeBhunga likaRhulumente likhuphe "Isicwangciso seminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu" isicwangciso sophuhliso lwezixhobo ezibandayo sibonisa ukuba ngo-2020, ubukhulu bemarike ye-China ye-cold chain logistics ye-yuan engaphezulu kwe-380 yeebhiliyoni, indawo yokugcina ebandayo ephantse ibe yi-180 yezigidi ze-cubic metres, efrijini. ubunini bezithuthi malunga ne-287,000, ngokulandelanayo, "Isicwangciso seminyaka emihlanu yeshumi elinesibini" Ukuphela kwexesha le-2.4 amaxesha, amaxesha ama-2 kunye namaxesha angama-2.6.

Kwiimathiriyeli ezininzi zokugquma, i-polyurethane inomsebenzi ogqwesileyo wokugquma, osetyenziswa ngokubanzi.Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye izinto, imathiriyeli yokugquma i-polyurethane inokonga malunga ne-20% yeendleko zombane zogcino olukhulu olubandayo, kwaye ubungakanani bayo bemarike buyanda ngokuthe ngcembe ngophuhliso lweshishini lolungiselelo lwekhonkco elibandayo.Ithuba "le-14 leMinyaka emiHlanu", njengoko abahlali basezidolophini nabasemaphandleni beqhubeka bephucula ubume bokusetyenziswa, ukubanakho kweemarike ezinkulu kuya kukhawulezisa ukukhululwa kolungiselelo lwamakhonkco abandayo ukudala indawo ebanzi.ISicwangciso siphakamisa ukuba ngo-2025, ukusekwa kokuqala kothungelwano lothungelwano lothungelwano lothungelwano, uyilo kunye nolwakhiwo malunga ne-100 yesizwe yomqolo ebandayo isiseko sothungelwano, ukwakhiwa kwenani lemveliso kunye nokuthengisa iziko lokusasaza ikhonkco elibandayo, ukugqitywa okusisiseko kwezi zintathu. -inqanaba elibandayo lothungelwano lwezibonelelo zekhonkco lolungiselelo lweendawo zothungelwano;ngo-2035, ukugqitywa ngokupheleleyo kwenkqubo yolungiselelo lwekhonkco elibandayo.Oku kuya konyusa ngakumbi imfuno yemathiriyeli yokugquma ngetsheyini ebandayo ye-polyurethane.

Izixhobo zogwebu ze-TPU ziphakama ngokubalaseleyo

I-TPU lishishini lokuphuma kwelanga kushishino lwemathiriyeli yepolymer entsha, izicelo ezisezantsi ziyaqhubeka ukwanda, ugxininiso lweshishini ukunyusa ngakumbi ukuqalwa kobuchwephesha kunye netekhnoloji iya kukhuthaza ngakumbi ukutshintshwa kwasekhaya.

Njengoko i-TPU ineempawu ezibalaseleyo zomzimba kunye noomatshini, njengokuqina okuphezulu, ukuqina okuphezulu, ukuqina okuphezulu, imodyuli ephezulu, kodwa inokumelana neekhemikhali, ukumelana nokunxiba, ukumelana neoyile, ukukwazi ukufunxa ukothuka kunye nokunye okugqwesileyo okubanzi kokusebenza, ukusebenza kakuhle kokusebenza, kubanzi. isetyenziswe kwizinto zezicathulo (izihlangu zezihlangu), iintambo, iifilimu, iibhubhu, iimoto, unyango kunye namanye amashishini, yinto ekhula ngokukhawuleza kwi-polyurethane elastomers.Ushishino lwezihlangu lusesona sicelo sibaluleke kakhulu kwishishini le-TPU eTshayina, kodwa umlinganiselo uncitshisiwe, ubalwa malunga ne-30%, umlinganiselo wefilimu, izicelo zemibhobho ye-TPU iyanda ngokuthe ngcembe, izabelo ezimbini zeemarike ze-19% kunye ne-15% ngokulandelanayo. .

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, umthamo omtsha wemveliso we-TPU waseTshayina ukhululwe, izinga lokuqalisa kwe-TPU ngo-2018 kunye no-2019 liye landa ngokuthe ngcembe, i-2014-2019 imveliso yasekhaya ye-TPU yasekhaya isantya sokukhula sonyaka ukuya kuthi ga kwi-15.46%.Umzi-mveliso we-TPU ka-2019 waseTshayina uyaqhubeka nokwandisa ubungakanani bomkhwa, ngo-2020 imveliso ye-TPU yaseTshayina malunga neetoni ezingama-601,000, ebalwa kwisinye kwisithathu semveliso ye-TPU yehlabathi Ngaphezulu.

Iyonke imveliso ye-TPU kwisiqingatha sokuqala se-2021 imalunga neetoni ezingama-300,000, ukwanda kweetoni ezingama-40,000 okanye i-11.83% xa kuthelekiswa nexesha elifanayo ngo-2020. Ngokubhekiselele kumthamo, umthamo wemveliso we-TPU waseTshayina uye wanda ngokukhawuleza kule minyaka mihlanu idlulileyo. kunye nezinga lokuqalisa liye labonisa indlela yokukhula, kunye nomthamo wemveliso we-TPU waseTshayina okhulayo ukusuka kwiitoni ezingama-641,000 ukuya kwiitoni ezingama-995,000 ukusuka kwi-2016-2020, kunye nezinga lokukhula lonyaka le-11.6%.Ukusuka kwindawo yokusetyenziswa kwe-2016-2020 yaseTshayina ye-TPU yokusetyenziswa kwe-elastomer ukukhula ngokubanzi, ukusetyenziswa kwe-TPU ngo-2020 kudlule iitoni ezingama-500,000, izinga lokukhula konyaka-ngonyaka we-12.1%.Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kulindeleke ukuba kufikelele malunga neetoni ezingama-900,000 ngo-2026, kunye nezinga lokukhula kwekhompawundi yonyaka malunga ne-10% kwiminyaka emihlanu ezayo.

Kulindeleke ukuba kuqhubeke ubushushu bomzimba

I-Synthetic polyurethane leather (i-PU yesikhumba), i-polyurethane yokwakheka kwe-epidermis, i-microfiber yesikhumba, umgangatho ungcono kune-PVC (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Western Leather).Ngoku abavelisi bempahla basebenzisa ngokubanzi izinto ezinjalo ukuvelisa iimpahla, ngokuqhelekileyo zibizwa ngokuba yimpahla yesikhumba exelisa.I-PU ngethwathwa ngumaleko wesibini wesikhumba icala lawo elingemva lilufele lwenkomo, eliqatywe ngomaleko we-PU resin ngaphezulu, eyaziwa ngokuba yisikhumba senkomo elaminethiweyo.Ixabiso layo liphantsi kwaye izinga lokusetyenziswa liphezulu.Ngokutshintsha kwenkqubo yayo iyenziwa ngokwamabakala ahlukeneyo eentlobo ngeentlobo, ezifana nesikhumba senkomo esiphuma kumazwe angaphandle, ngenxa yenkqubo eyodwa, umgangatho ozinzileyo, iintlobo zenoveli kunye nezinye iimpawu, kuba ngoku yesikhumba esikumgangatho ophezulu, ixabiso kunye nomgangatho hayi ngaphantsi koqweqwe lokuqala lwethwathwa lokwenyani.

Isikhumba sePU ngoku sesona mveliso siphambili kwiimveliso zesikhumba ezenziweyo;kunye nesikhumba PVC nangona iqulathe plasticizers eziyingozi kwezinye iindawo zivaliwe, kodwa ukumelana yayo super sezulu kunye namaxabiso aphantsi kwenza ukuba kwimarike esezantsi-siphelo isenokhuphiswano oluqinileyo;I-microfiber PU yethwathwa nangona ivakalelwa ngokuthelekiswa nesikhumba, kodwa amaxabiso ayo aphezulu anciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngomlinganiselo omkhulu, isabelo semarike malunga ne-5%.