Ukusukela ngo-Okthobha ka-2022 ukuya embindini ka-2023, amaxabiso kwimarike yeekhemikhali zaseTshayina ehla ngokubanzi.Nangona kunjalo, ukusukela phakathi kuka-2023, amaxabiso amaninzi ekhemikhali aye ezantsi kwaye aphinda aphindaphindeka, ebonisa ukuziphindezela.Ukuze sifumane ukuqonda okunzulu kwendlela yokuthengisa imichiza yaseTshayina, siye saqulunqa idatha yexabiso lemarike yeemveliso zemichiza ezingaphezulu kwe-100, siqwalasela imeko yemarike ngokwemibono emibini: kwiinyanga ezintandathu ezidlulileyo kunye nekota yakutshanje.

Uhlalutyo lwemarike yemveliso yeekhemikhali zaseTshayina kwiinyanga ezintandathu ezidlulileyo

Kwiinyanga ezintandathu ezidlulileyo, xa kuthelekiswa nexesha elifanayo kulo nyaka uphelileyo, ngaphezulu kwe-60% yamaxabiso eekhemikhali zentengiso ziye zawa, nto leyo ebonisa uluvo olubi kwimarike.Phakathi kwazo, ukuhla kwexabiso le-gases yenkqubo, i-polycrystalline silicon, i-glyphosate, i-lithium hydroxide, i-salts eluhlaza, i-sulfuric acid, i-lithium carbonate, i-antioxidants, kunye ne-liquefied igesi yendalo yeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu.

Phakathi kweentlobo ezihlayo zeemveliso zemichiza, iigesi zemizi-mveliso zibonise ukwehla okukhulu, kunye nokuhla okubanzi, kunye nokuhla okunyukayo kwezinye iimveliso kude kudlule i-30%.Ezinye iimveliso ezinxulumene nekhonkco elitsha loshishino lwamandla nazo zilandela ngokusondeleyo, njengeemveliso ezinxulumene nekhonkco leshishini le-photovoltaic kunye nekhonkco loshishino lwebhetri ye-lithium, kunye nokuhla kwexabiso okubalulekileyo.

Kwelinye icala, iimveliso ezinje nge-liquid chlorine, i-hydrogen peroxide, i-glacial acetic acid, i-heptane, i-octanol, i-benzene ekrwada, kunye ne-isopropanol zibonisa indlela yokunyuka kwexabiso.Phakathi kwabo, imakethi ye-octanol yabona ukonyuka okubaluleke kakhulu, ukufikelela ngaphezu kwe-440%.Iikhemikhali ezisisiseko nazo zonyukile, kodwa ukonyuka okuqhelekileyo kumalunga ne-9% kuphela.

Phakathi kweentlobo ezikhulayo zeemveliso zeekhemikhali, malunga ne-79% yeemveliso ziye zanda ngaphantsi kwe-10%, eyona nto inyuka kakhulu kwimveliso yobuninzi.Ukongeza, i-15% yeemveliso zeekhemikhali inyuke nge-10% -20%, i-2.8% ngo-20% -30%, i-1.25% ngo-30% -50%, kunye ne-1.88% kuphela ngaphezu kwe-50%.

Nangona uninzi lweemveliso zemichiza ukukhula kwemarike kungaphakathi kwe-10%, eluluhlu lokuguquguquka olufanelekileyo, kukwakho neemveliso ezimbalwa zeekhemikhali eziye zafumana ukukhula okubonakalayo.Iqondo lentengiso yeekhemikhali ezininzi eTshayina liphezulu noko, kwaye uninzi luxhomekeke kubonelelo lwasekhaya kunye nemfuno ebangwayo lemeko ukuchaphazela ukuguquguquka kweemarike.Ke ngoko, kwiinyanga ezintandathu ezidlulileyo, uninzi lwentengiso yeekhemikhali lunyuke ngaphantsi kwe-10%.

Ngokumalunga neentlobo zeekhemikhali eziye zawa, malunga ne-71% yazo iye yawa ngaphantsi kwe-10%, ibala ukuhla okukhulu.Ukongeza, i-21% yeekhemikhali ifumene ukuhla kwe-10% -20%, i-4.1% ifumene ukuhla kwe-20% -30%, i-2.99% ifumene ukuhla kwe-30% -50%, kwaye kuphela i-1.12% yafumana ukuhla kwe-over. 50%.Kuyabonakala ukuba nangona kukho ukuhla okuxhaphakileyo kwimarike yeekhemikhali ezininzi zaseTshayina, uninzi lweemveliso ziye zafumana ukwehla okungaphantsi kwe-10%, kunye neemveliso ezimbalwa kuphela ezifumana ukuhla okubalulekileyo kwamaxabiso.

Imarike yemveliso yemichiza yaseTshayina kwiinyanga ezintathu ezidlulileyo

Ngokomlinganiselo wokuguquguquka kobungakanani bemveliso kwimakethi yoshishino lweekhemikhali kwezi nyanga zintathu zidlulileyo, i-76% yeemveliso ziye zehla, zibalelwa elona candelo likhulu.Ukongeza, i-21% yamaxabiso emveliso anyukile, ngelixa kuphela i-3% yamaxabiso emveliso athe ahlala azinzile.Ukusuka koku, kunokubonwa ukuba imarike yoshishino lweekhemikhali iqhubekile nokuhla kakhulu kwiinyanga ezintathu ezidlulileyo, uninzi lweemveliso ziwa.

Ukusuka kumbono wokuncipha kweentlobo zeemveliso, iimveliso ezininzi, kubandakanya igesi yeshishini kunye neemveliso zamakhonkco amatsha oshishino lwamandla afana nenitrogen, iargon, isilicon yepolycrystalline, iiwafers zesilicon, njl.Ukongeza, ezinye izixhobo ezisisiseko zeekhemikhali ezininzi nazo ziye zehla ngeli xesha.

Nangona imarike yeekhemikhali ifumene iqondo lokukhula kwezi nyanga zintathu zidlulileyo, ngaphezulu kwe-84% yeemveliso zemichiza zonyuke ngaphantsi kwe-10%.Ukongeza, i-11% yeemveliso zemichiza yanda ngo-10% -20%, i-1% yeemveliso zemichiza yanda ngama-20% -30%, kunye ne-2.2% yeemveliso zemichiza yanda ngama-30% -50%.Ezi nkcukacha zibonisa ukuba kwiinyanga ezintathu ezidlulileyo, imarike yeekhemikhali ibonise ukwanda okuncinci, kunye nokuguquguquka okulinganiselwe kwexabiso lemarike.

Nangona kukho ukunyuka kwamaxabiso eemveliso zekhemikhali kwimarike, kuninzi ngenxa yokunyuka kwakhona ukusuka ekunciphiseni kwangaphambili kunye noshintsho kwimeko yemarike.Ke ngoko, oku kunyuka akuthethi ukuba imeko yeshishini ibuyile.

Ngelo xesha, imarike yeekhemikhali ehlayo nayo ibonisa indlela efanayo.Malunga ne-62% yeemveliso zeekhemikhali zinokuncipha okungaphantsi kwe-10%, i-27% inokuncipha kwe-10% -20%, i-6.8% inokuncipha kwe-20% -30%, i-2.67% inokuncipha kwe-30% -50% , kwaye kuphela i-1.19% iyancipha ngaphezu kwe-50%.

Kutshanje, amaxabiso eoli aqhubekile nokunyuka, kodwa inkxaso ebonelelwa ngokukhula kweendleko kumaxabiso entengiso ayiyona nto ilungileyo yokunyuka kwamaxabiso emarike.Imarike yabathengi ayikatshintshi, kwaye amaxabiso emveliso yeekhemikhali zaseTshayina asekwimeko ebuthathaka.Kulindeleke ukuba imakethi yekhemikhali yaseTshayina ihlale ikwimeko ebuthathaka kwaye iguquguqukayo kangangexesha eliseleyo lika-2023, elinokuthi liqhube ukukhula kwemarike yabathengi basekhaya ukuya ekupheleni konyaka.