I-acetonelulwelo olungenambala, oluguquguqukayo olunevumba elinamandla. Isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kumashishini ahlukeneyo, njengamayeza, i-petroleum, ikhemikhali, njl. I-acetone ingasetyenziselwa njenge-solvent, i-agent yokucoca, i-adhesive, ipeyinti encinci, njl. Kule nqaku, siya kwazisa ukuveliswa kwe-acetone.
Ukuveliswa kwe-acetone ikakhulu kubandakanya amanyathelo amabini: isinyathelo sokuqala kukuvelisa i-acetone kwi-acetic acid ngokunciphisa i-catalytic, kwaye isinyathelo sesibini kukwahlula kunye nokuhlambulula i-acetone.
Kwinqanaba lokuqala, i-acetic acid isetyenziswa njengemathiriyeli ekrwada, kwaye i-catalyst isetyenziselwa ukwenza i-catalytic reaction reaction to find acetone. I-catalysts esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo i-zinc powder, i-iron powder, njl.→CH3COCH3. Ubushushu bokusabela yi-150-250℃, kunye noxinzelelo lokuphendula yi-1-5 MPa. I-zinc powder kunye ne-iron powder zihlaziywa emva kokuphendula kwaye zingasetyenziswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
Kwinqanaba lesibini, umxube oqukethe i-acetone uhlukaniswe kwaye uhlanjululwe. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokwahlula kunye nokucoca i-acetone, njenge-distillation method, i-absorption method, indlela yokukhupha, njl. Le ndlela isebenzisa iindawo zokubilisa ezahlukeneyo zezinto ukuze zahlule ngokuxutywa kwe-distillation. I-acetone ineqondo eliphantsi lokubilisa kunye noxinzelelo lomphunga ophezulu. Ngoko ke, inokwahlulwa kwezinye izinto ngokuxutywa kwe-distillation phantsi kwendawo ephezulu ye-vacuum kwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi. I-acetone eyahluliweyo ke ithunyelwa kwinkqubo elandelayo yonyango olongezelelweyo.
Isishwankathelo, ukuveliswa kwe-acetone kubandakanya amanyathelo amabini: ukunciphisa i-catalytic ye-acetic acid ukufumana i-acetone kunye nokwahlula kunye nokuhlanjululwa kwe-acetone. I-acetone yinto ebalulekileyo yeekhemikhali ekrwada kwi-petroleum, ikhemikhali, iyeza kunye namanye amashishini. Inoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kwiinkalo zoshishino kunye nobomi. Ukongeza kwezi ndlela zingasentla, kukho ezinye iindlela zokwenza i-acetone, njenge-fermentation method kunye nendlela ye-hydrogenation. Ezi ndlela zineempawu zazo kunye neenzuzo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-18-2023