Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, inkqubo yetekhnoloji ye-China ye-China yenze inkqubela phambili ebonakalayo, ekhokelele kwimveliso yemveliso yeekhemikhali kunye nokhuphiswano lweekhemikhali. Eli nqaku lihlala lisebenza kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zemveliso ze-Epoxy Propane.

Ngokutsho kophando, ngokuthetha ngokungqongqo, zintathu iinkqubo zokuveliswa kwe-Epoxy Propane, ezizezi i-chlorohyddrin, indlela ye-oxidation (indlela ye-HALCONO), kunye ne-hppogen peroxide (i-HPPO). Okwangoku, indlela ye-chlorohyddrin kunye neendlela ze-HPPO ziinkqubo eziphambili zokuveliswa kwe-Epoxy Propane.

Indlela ye-chlorohyddrin yindlela yokuvelisa i-Epoxy Propane esebenzisa i-proplene kunye negesi ye-chlorine njengezinto eziluhlaza ngeenkqubo ezinje ngoChlorohyDdity, i-SANANDS, kunye nenzondelelo. Le nkqubo inesivuno esikhulu se-Epoxy Propane, kodwa ikwavelisa isixa esikhulu samanzi amdaka kunye negesi yokuphelisa, enefuthe elibonakalayo kwindalo esingqongileyo.

Indlela ye-oxidation ye-oxidation yinkqubo yokuvelisa i-propylene oxide, i-Ethlbenzene, neoksijini njengezinto eziluhlaza. Okokuqala, i-Ethylbenzene inza nomoya ukuze ivelise iPeroxIde. Emva koko, i-Estlbenzen Peroxide iphantsi kwendlela yokuhambahamba ngebhayisikile ivelise i-epoxy propane kunye ne-phenyletanol. Le nkqubo inenkqubo yokuphendula enobunzima kwaye ivelisa uninzi lweemveliso, ngenxa yoko, ikwajongene neempembelelo ezimbi kwindalo esingqongileyo.

Indlela ye-HPPO yinkqubo yokongeza i-methanol, proplegene, kunye ne-hydrogen peroxide kumyinge we-4.2: 1.3: 1 ukuya kwi-1 ukuya kwi-SITONIM YOKUGQIBELA ISIQINISEKISO (TS-1) yokuphendula. Le nkqubo inokuguqula i-98% ye-hydrogen peroxide, kwaye ukukhetha kwe-Epoxy Propane kunokufikelela kwi-95%. Isixa esincinci se-propylene esakhelwe ngokuyinxalenye sinokuphinda siphinde sibuyele kwi-Reactor ukuba siphinde sisebenzise kwakhona.

Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu, i-Epoxy Propane eveliswe yile nkqubo okwangoku yimveliso evunyelweyo yokuthumela ngaphandle eTshayina.

Sibala umkhondo wamaxabiso asusela ngo-2009 ukuya ku-2023 kwaye uqaphele utshintsho kwimveliso ye-epichlorozydrin kunye ne-HPPPO kule minyaka ili-14 idlulileyo.

Indlela ye-epichlorozrin

1.Indlela yokufota ye-epichloin iphumelele ixesha elininzi. In the past 14 years, the production profit of epichlorohydrin by chlorohydrin method reached the highest at 8358 yuan/ton, which occurred in 2021. However, in 2019, there was a slight loss of 55 yuan/ton.

2.Ukugqwetha kwenzuzo yenzuzo ye-EpichloronyDrin kuyahambelana ne-epiclorohydrin. Xa ixabiso le-Epoxy Propane inyuka, ingeniso yemveliso yendlela ye-epichloronehydrin nayo inyuka ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kungqinelana kubonisa impembelelo eqhelekileyo yotshintsho kubonelelo lwentengiso kunye nexabiso kunye nexabiso lemveliso kumaxabiso eemveliso ezimbini. Umzekelo, ngo-2021, ngenxa yebhulukhwe, ukuselwa kwe-Polyteri ethambileyo ye-Polyteri yonyuke kakhulu, eyokuqhubela phambili ngexabiso le-Eposxy Propane, ekugqibeleni yenza ukuba ibe yimbali yemveliso ye-epichloroningddrin.

3.Ukuguquguquka kwexabiso le-propylene kunye ne-proplenene oxidey oxide yexesha elide, kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi, kukho umahluko omkhulu kwi-Ald Amllitule Oku kubonisa ukuba amaxabiso e-proplenene kwaye i-epichlorozydrin iphembelelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo, amaxabiso e-proplene enefuthe elibalulekileyo kwimveliso ye-epichloroniny. Ngenxa yokuba i-prophenya yeyona nto iphambili kwimveliso ephambili ye-Epichlorohydrin, ukuguquguquka kwamaxabiso kuya kuba nefuthe elibonakalayo kwiindleko zemveliso yemveliso ye-epichlorozydrin.

Overall, the production profit of epichlorohydrin in China has been in a profitable state for most of the past 14 years, and its profit fluctuations are consistent with the price fluctuations of epichlorohydrin. Amaxabiso e-proplenes yinto ebalulekileyo echaphazela ingeniso yemveliso ye-epichlorohydrin eTshayina.

Indlela ye-HPPO indlela ye-epoxy propne

1.Indlela ye-HPPO yaseChina ye-Epoxypropane iphumelele ixesha elininzi, kodwa inzuzo yaso iphantsi ngokuthelekiswa nendlela ye-chlorohyddrin. Ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu, indlela ye-HPPO ifumene ilahleko ye-Epoxy Propane, kwaye uninzi lwexesha, inqanaba layo lenzuzo laliphantsi kakhulu kunelo lendlela ye-chlorohyddrin.

2.Ngenxa yolwando olubalulekileyo kwixabiso le-Epoxy Propane ngo-2021, ingeniso ye-HPPO Epoxy ifikelela kwimbali e-2021, ifikelela kwi-661 yuan / ton. Nangona kunjalo, kusekho umsantsa phantse ngo-2000 yuan / itoni phakathi kweli nqanaba lenzuzo kunye nendlela ye-chlorohyddrin. Oku kubonisa ukuba nangona indlela ye-HPPO inedini ezithile, indlela ye-chlorohyddrin isenezinto ezibalulekileyo ngokwengeniso iyonke.

3.Ukongeza, ngokubala inzuzo yendlela ye-HPPO usebenzisa ixabiso le-50% ye-hydrogen ye-hydrogen, kwafunyanwa ukuba akukho luhlu lubalulekileyo phakathi kwexabiso le-hydrogen kunye ne-propleynene oxide. Oku kubonisa ukuba inzuzo ye-HPPO ye-HPPO ye-china ye-epoxypropane inyanzelekile ngamaxabiso e-prophegene kunye ne-hydrogen ephezulu ye-hydrogen. Ngenxa yolungelelwaniso olusondeleyo phakathi kwexabiso lezixhobo eziluhlaza kunye neemveliso eziphakathi kunye nezinto ezifana nokunikezelwa kwentengiso kunye neendleko zemveliso, kuye kwanegalelo elibonakalayo kwi-Epoppo Propane usebenzisa indlela ye-EPOXY esebenzisa indlela ye-EPOXY.

Inzuzo yemveliso ye-HPPO ye-HPPO ye-HPPO ye-Epopy ye-Eposxy kule minyaka ili-14 idlulileyo ibonakalise isimilo sokuba ingeniso yenzuzo yexesha elininzi kodwa inesilinganiselo esisezantsi senzuzo. Nangona inoncedo kwimiba ethile, iyonke, inzuzo yayo isafuna ukuphuculwa. Kwangelo xesha, inzuzo yendlela ye-HPPO indlela ye-Eposxy ichaphazeleke kakhulu kukuhlaselwa kwezinto ezingafunekiyo kunye neemveliso eziphakathi, ngakumbi i-prophegen yepetrogen. Ke ngoko, abavelisi kufuneka babeke ngokusondeleyo iindlela zentengiso kunye nokulungelelanisa izicwangciso zobuchule ngokufanelekileyo ukufezekisa inqanaba lenkqubo yenzuzo.

Impembelelo kwizinto eziphambili ezingaphantsi kwiindleko zabo phantsi kweenkqubo ezimbini zemveliso

1.Nangona inguquko yokutshintsha kwenzelwa kwendlela ye-Epichlorozydrin kunye nendlela ye-HPPO yokubonisa ukungafani, kukho umahluko obonakalayo kwifuthe lokutya oluhlaza kwiinzuzo zabo. Lo mahluko ubonakalisa ukuba kukho umahluko kuba kukho umahluko kulawulo lweendleko kunye nezakhono zolawulo lwenzuzo phakathi kwezi nkqubo zimbini zemveliso xa ujongene nokuguquguquka kumaxabiso ezilwanyana ezibukhali.

2.Kwindlela ye-chlorohyddrin, umyinge we-propylene kwiindleko ufikelela kumndilili we-67%, i-accounting ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha sexesha, kwaye ifikelele kwinqanaba le-72%. Oku kubonisa ukuba kwinkqubo yemveliso ye-chlorohydrin, iindleko ze-propylene zinefuthe elikhulu kakhulu. Ke ngoko, ukuguquguquka kwexabiso le-propylene kunefuthe ngqo kwiindleko kunye nenzuzo yemveliso ye-epichlorohydrin yindlela ye-chlorohyddrin. Olu phawu luhambelana nenxaxheba yexesha elide lenzuzo kunye ne-propley kunye nemveliso yemveliso ye-epichlorohydrin yindlela ye-chlorohyddrin ekhankanywe ngaphambili.

Ngokwahlukileyo, kwindlela ye-HPPO, ifuthe eliqhelekileyo le-proplene kwiindleko zalo ngama-61%, kunye neyona mpembelelo iphezulu nge-68% kunye neyona iphantsi nge-55%. Oku kubonisa ukuba kwinkqubo ye-HPPO, nangona ubunzima bexabiso lexabiso le-propylene bukhulu, ayomelelanga njengempembelelo yendlela ye-chlorohydrin ngeendleko zayo. Oku kunokuba kungenzeki impembelelo ebalulekileyo yezinye izinto ezingafunekiyo ezinjenge-hydrogen peroxide kwinkqubo yemveliso ye-HPPO kwiindleko, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa ifuthe lokutshintsha kwexabiso le-proplenene kwiindleko.

3.Ukuba ixabiso le-propylene liguquguquka nge-10%, ifuthe leendleko lendlela ye-chlorohydddrin iya kudlula loo nto yendlela ye-HPPO. Oku kuthetha ukuba xa ujongene nokugcwala kumaxabiso e-proplene, iindleko zendlela ye-chlorohyddrin ichaphazeleka kakhulu, kwaye ethetha, indlela ye-HPPO inezakhono ezingcono zexabiso. Olu phawu lwaphinda lwaphinda lubonisa umahluko ekuphenduleni ukuhlengahlengisa amaxabiso ezilwanyana ezibukhali kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zemveliso.

Kukho ukungaguquguquki kwiinzuzo eziguqukayo phakathi kwendlela ye-Chinahydddrin kunye nendlela ye-HPPO ye-Epospy Propane, kodwa kukho umahluko kwifuthe lokutya oluhlaza kwiinzuzo zabo. Xa ujongene nokutshintsha kwamaxabiso ezilwanyana ezinqabileyo, iinkqubo ezimbini zemveliso zibonisa ulawulo lweendleko ezahlukeneyo kunye nezakhono zolawulo lwenzuzo. Phakathi kwabo, indlela ye-chlorohyddddddddddddddy inobuthathaka ngakumbi kwixabiso le-proplene, ngelixa indlela ye-HPPO inomngcipheko wokunganyangeki. Le mithetho ibalulekile ukubaluleka kwamashishini okukhetha iinkqubo zemveliso kwaye enze amacebo okuvelisa.

Impembelelo yezinto ezincedisayo kunye nezinto ezingafunekiyo kwiindleko zazo phantsi kweenkqubo ezimbini zemveliso

1.Impembelelo ye-chlorine yolwelo kwiindleko zemveliso ye-epichlorohlozydrin yindlela ye-chlorohyddddrin ikhuphe kuphela i-8% kuphela kule minyaka i-14 idlulileyo, kwaye inokuthathwa njengempembelelo yeendleko. Oku kujongwa kubonisa ukuba i-chlorine yolwelo idlala indima encinci kwinkqubo yemveliso ye-chlorohyddrin, kwaye amaxabiso ayo anempembelelo encinci kwiindleko ze-epiclorognydrin.

2.Ifuthe leendleko le-hydrogen ye-hydrogen ye-HPPO kwiNdlela ye-HPPO ye-Epoxy Propane iphakamile kakhulu kuneyona gesi ye-chlorohyddrin. I-Hydrogen Peroxide yinkqubo yenkqubo ye-HPPO, kwaye ukuguquguquka kwamaxabiso anempembelelo ngqo kwiindleko zenkqubo ye-Epospy kwiNkqubo ye-HPPO, yesibini kuphela kwi-proplene. Oku kuqaphela kubonisa imeko ebalulekileyo ye-hydrogen peroxide kwinkqubo yemveliso ye-HPPPO.

3.Ukuba ishishini ivelisa irhasi yalo ye-chlorine ye-chlorine, ifuthe leendleko le-chlorine igesi kwimveliso ye-epichloronehlozydrin inokungahoywa. Oku kunokuba ngenxa yexabiso elincinci le-chlorine ye-chlorine yemveliso, enefuthe elincinci kwiindleko zemveliso ye-epiclorohydrin usebenzisa i-chlorohyddrin.

4.Ukuba i-75% yeepesenti ze-hydrogen isetyenziswa, ifuthe leendleko ze-hydrogen peroxide kwindlela ye-HPPO ye-Epospy Propane iya kuqhubeka ne-30%, kwaye ifuthe leendleko liya kuqhubeka nokwanda ngokukhawuleza. Oku kuqaphela kubonisa ukuba i-Epoxy Propane iveliswe yindlela ye-HPPO ayichaphazelekanga kuphela ekusebenziseni izinto eziluhlaza okwesixhobo se-proplegen yexabiso le-hydrogen perogede. Ngenxa yokwanda kokuxinwa kwe-hydrogen peroxide kwi-HPPPO yenkqubo yokuvelisa ukuya kwi-75%, isixa kunye nexabiso le-hydrogen peroxide nayo yanda. Kukho izinto ezininzi zentengiso, kunye nokuzinza kwenzuzo yazo kuyakwa, kuya kuba nefuthe elikhulu kwixabiso layo lentengiso.

Kukho umahluko obalulekileyo kwifuthe lexabiso lexabiso lezinto ezincedisayo kwiinkqubo zemveliso ze-epichlorohydrin usebenzisa indlela ye-chlorohyddrin kunye nendlela ye-HPPO. Impembelelo ye-chlorine yolwelo kwiindleko ze-epiclorohydrin eziveliswa yindlela ye-chlorogendrin incinci, ngelixa ifuthe le-hydrogen peroxide ngendleko ze-EPPPO ibaluleke kakhulu. Kwangelo xesha, ukuba inkampani ivelisa eyayo irhasi ye-chlorine ye-chlorine okanye isebenzisa ukugxininisa okwahlukileyo kwe-hydrogen peroxide, ifuthe lexabiso layo liya kwahluka. Le mithetho ibalulekile ukubaluleka kweshishini ukukhetha iinkqubo zemveliso, ukwenza ubuchule bokuvelisa, kunye nokwenza ulawulo lweendleko.

Ngokusekwe kwidatha yangoku kunye neendlela eziqhubekayo, iiprojekthi eziqhubekayo ze-Epoxy Propane kwixesha elizayo ziya kudlula kwinqanaba langoku, uninzi lweeprojekthi ezintsha zokwamkela indlela ye-HPPO kunye ne-Ebeylbenzene yendlela ye-HPPO. Le phenonon iya kukhokelela ekunyukeni kwemfuno yezixhobo eziluhlaza ezifana ne-prophegen ye-hydrogen, eya kuba nefuthe elikhulu kwiindleko ze-Epoxy Propane kunye neendleko zeshishini.

Ukusuka kwimbono yeendleko, amashishini anemodeli yokudityaniswa kwamashishini ahlanganisiweyo anokulawula ubunzima bempembelelo kwizinto ezingafunekiyo, emva kokuphucula iindleko kunye nokuphucula ukhuphiswano lwentengiso. Ngenxa yokuba uninzi lweeprojekthi ezintsha ze-Epoxy Propane kwixesha elizayo ziya kwamkela indlela ye-HPPO, imfuno ye-hydrogen perogen iyakonyuka, eya konyusa ubunzima bexabiso le-hydrogen peraxy.

Ukongeza, ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwendlela ye-Ithylbenzene ye-Oxidation kwiiprojekthi ezintsha ze-Epoxy Propane kwixesha elizayo, imfuno ye-proplene iya kwanda. Ke ngoko, ubunzima befuthe lokutshintsha kwexabiso le-proplene ngendleko zokuphumelela kwe-Epossane kuya kwanda. Ezi zinto ziya kuzisa imiceli mngeni emininzi kunye namathuba kwimveliso ye-Epoxy Propane.

Ngokubanzi, uphuhliso lwemveliso ye-Epoxy Propane kwixesha elizayo kuya kuphenjelelwa ziiprojekthi eziqhubekayo kunye nezinto ezingafunekiyo. Amashishini amkele i-HPPO kunye neendlela ze-Ithylbenzene ze-zeylbenzenezene, ingqalelo enkulu kufuneka ihlawulwe kulawulo lweendleko kunye nophuhliso lwemizi-mveliso. Abathengisi bezixhobo ezingabalulekanga, kunyanzelekile ukuba bomeleze uzinzo loncedo lokuphuma kwezinto ezihlangeneyo kunye neendleko zokuphucula ukhuphiswano lwentengiso.