Polycarbonate(I-PC) iqulethe amaqela e-carbonate kwi-chain chain. Ngokwamaqela e-ester ahlukeneyo kwisakhiwo se-molecular, inokwahlulwa ibe ngamaqela e-aliphatic, alicyclic kunye nevumba elimnandi. Phakathi kwabo, iqela elivumba lilelona xabiso lisebenzayo. Eyona ibaluleke kakhulu yi-bisphenol A polycarbonate, enobunzima obuqhelekileyo be-molecular weight (MW) ye-200000 ukuya kwi-100000.

I-Polycarbonate ineempawu ezilungileyo ezibanzi, ezinje ngamandla, ukuqina, ukungafihli, ukumelana nobushushu kunye nokumelana nokubanda, ukusetyenzwa lula kunye nokunqanda amadangatye. Ezona nkalo zezicelo zisezantsi zizixhobo zombane, isinyithi samaphepha kunye neemoto. La mashishini mathathu athatha malunga ne-80% yokusetyenziswa kwe-polycarbonate. Amanye amasimi asetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo zoomatshini boshishino, iCD, ukupakishwa, izixhobo zeofisi, ukhathalelo lwezonyango, ifilimu, ulonwabo kunye nezixhobo zokukhusela, kwaye ziye zaba lelinye lawona macandelo akhula ngokukhawuleza kwiiplastiki zobunjineli ezintlanu.
Ngokuqhubela phambili kwetekhnoloji yokwenziwa kwalapha ekhaya, ukwenziwa kwasekhaya kweshishini lePC yaseTshayina kuphuhliswe ngokukhawuleza kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ekupheleni kuka-2022, isikali somzi mveliso wePC yaseTshayina sigqithile kwi-2.5 yezigidi zeetoni/ngonyaka, kwaye iziphumo zimalunga ne-1.4 yezigidi zeetoni. Okwangoku, amashishini amakhulu aseTshayina aquka iKesichuang (iitoni ezingama-600000/ngonyaka), iZhejiang Petrochemical (iitoni ezingama-520000/ngonyaka), iLuxi Chemical (iitoni ezingama-300000/ngonyaka) kunye neZhongsha Tianjin (iitoni ezingama-260000/ngonyaka).
Inzuzo kwiinkqubo ezintathu zePC
Kukho iinkqubo ezintathu zokuvelisa zePC: inkqubo non phosgene, inkqubo transesterification kunye interfacial polycondensation inkqubo phosgene. Kukho iiyantlukwano ezicacileyo kwimathiriyeli ekrwada kunye neendleko kwinkqubo yokuvelisa. Iinkqubo ezintathu ezahlukeneyo zizisa amanqanaba ahlukeneyo enzuzo kwiPC.
Kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo, inzuzo yePC yaseChina ifikelele kwinqanaba eliphezulu kwi-2018, ifikelela malunga ne-6500 yuan / ton. Emva koko, inqanaba lenzuzo liye lehla unyaka nonyaka. Ngexesha le-2020 kunye ne-2021, ngenxa yokunciphisa izinga lokusetyenziswa okubangelwa ngubhubhane, imeko yenzuzo yancipha kakhulu, kwaye indlela ye-condensation ye-phosgene ye-condensation kunye ne-non-phosgene ibonise ilahleko enkulu.
Ekupheleni kuka-2022, ingeniso yendlela ye-transesterification kwimveliso ye-PC yase-China yeyona iphezulu, ifikelela kwi-2092 yuan/toni, ilandelwa yindlela ye-polycondensation phosgene yojongano, kunye nenzuzo kwi-1592 yuan/toni, ngelixa ingeniso yethiyori yemveliso ye-non phosgene. yi 292 yuan/toni kuphela. Kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo, indlela ye-transesterification ibisoloko iyeyona ndlela yokuvelisa imveliso ye-PC yaseTshayina, ngelixa indlela ye-non-phosgene inengeniso ebuthathaka.
Uhlalutyo lwezinto ezichaphazela inzuzo yePC
Okokuqala, ukuguquguquka kwexabiso lezinto eziluhlaza ze-bisphenol A kunye ne-DMC zinefuthe elithe ngqo kwiindleko zePC, ngokukodwa ukuguquguquka kwexabiso le-bisphenol A, elinobunzima obunempembelelo ngaphezu kwe-50% kwiindleko zePC.
Okwesibini, ukuguquguquka kwimarike yabathengi besiphelo, ngakumbi ukuguquguquka okukhulu kwezoqoqosho, kunempembelelo ngqo kwimarike yabathengi bePC. Ngokomzekelo, ngexesha lika-2020 kunye no-2021, xa ubhubhane luchaphazela, umlinganiselo wokusetyenziswa kwemarike yabathengi kwiiPC uhlile, okukhokelela ekuhlahleni okukhulu kwamaxabiso ePC kunye nefuthe elithe ngqo kwinzuzo yemarike yePC.
Ngo-2022, impembelelo yobhubhane iya kuba mbi kakhulu. Ixabiso leoli ekrwada liya kuqhubeka nokuhla, kwaye imarike yabathengi iya kuba yintlupheko. Uninzi lweekhemikhali zaseTshayina azikafikeleli kwimida yengeniso eqhelekileyo. Njengoko ixabiso le-bisphenol A lihlala liphantsi, ixabiso lemveliso yePC liphantsi. Ukongezelela, umlambo osezantsi ubuye wafumana kwinqanaba elithile, ngoko ke amaxabiso eentlobo ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo yokuvelisa iPC ziye zagcina inzuzo enamandla, kwaye inzuzo iphucula ngokuthe ngcembe. Yimveliso enqabileyo kunye nokuchuma okuphezulu kwishishini lemichiza laseTshayina. Kwixesha elizayo, imarike ye-bisphenol A iya kuqhubeka ivila, kwaye i-Spring Festival isondela. Ukuba ulawulo lobhubhane lukhutshwa ngendlela elungeleleneyo, imfuno yabathengi inokukhula ngokumaza, kwaye indawo yenzuzo yePC inokuqhubeka nokukhula.