I-DIMETHYL Carbonate yi-organic entweni esetyenziswa ngokubanzi isetyenziswe kwishishini lekhemikhali, amayeza, elektroniki kunye namanye amasimi. Eli nqaku liza kwazisa inkqubo yemveliso kunye nendlela yokulungiselela i-dimbonate.

1, Inkqubo yemveliso ye-dimbonate

Inkqubo yemveliso ye-dimbonate inokwahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezimbini: indlela yekhemikhali kunye nendlela yomzimba.

1) Indlela yekhemikhali

I-Comic Synthesis Synthesic yokuphendula ye-DIMETHYL Carbonate yile: Ch3h + Co2 → ch3oco2C3

I-methanol sisixhobo esiyilori ye-DIMETHINTL Carbonate, kwaye igesi ye-carbonate yi-ackent. Inkqubo yokuphendula ifuna i-catalyst.

Kukho i-catalysts ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya i-sodium hydroxide, i-calcium oxide, i-copper oxide, kunye ne-carbonate. I-carter ye-carbonate inesona siphumo sibalaseleyo, kodwa ukukhetha i-catalyst kukwafuna ukuqwalasela izinto ezinje ngendleko kunye nendawo esingqongileyo.

Inkqubo yemveliso ye-DIMETHYL ikakhulu ibandakanya ukuhlanjululwa njenge-methanol, i-oxygen oxidation, ukuhanjiswa / ukuphazamiseka, njlnjl. ubunyulu.

2) Indlela yomzimba

Zimbini iindlela eziphambili zomzimba zokuvelisa i-dimbonate ye-dimbonate: indlela yokufunxa kunye nendlela yokunyanzelwa.

Indlela yokufunxa isebenzisa i-methanol njenge-absensent kwaye iphinde isebenze nge-CO2 kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi avelise i-dimbonate. I-ablonment inokusetyenziswa kwakhona, kwaye i-carbon diokside eveliswe yimpendulo ikwanokuphinda isebenze, kodwa izinga lokuphendula liyacotha kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kuphezulu.

Umthetho wokucinezelwa kukusebenzisa iipropathi ze-CO2 ukuba inxibelelane ne-methanol phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu, ngaloo ndlela ukufezekisa ukulungiswa kwe-dimbonate ye-dimbonate. Le ndlela inenqanaba lokuphendula elikhawulezayo, kodwa ifuna izixhobo zokucinezelwa ngamandla aphezulu kwaye ixabisa kakhulu.

Ezi ndlela zingezantsi zinezibonelelo zazo ezilungileyo nezingalunganga, kwaye zinokukhethwa ngokusekwe kwiimfuno zesicelo kunye nezinto zoqoqosho.

I-2, indlela yokulungiselela i-dimbonate

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokulungiselela i-dimthyl carbonate, kwaye oku kulandelayo ziindlela ezimbini ezisetyenzisiweyo:

1) Indlela ye-methanol

Le yeyona ndlela isetyenziswayo isetyenziselwa ukulungiselela i-dimbonate ye-dimbonate. Amanyathelo okusebenza athile ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

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(2) ngokuthe chu yongeza i-CO2, qhubeka ushukumisa, kwaye upholile emva kokuba impendulo igqityiwe;

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Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iqondo lobushushu, uxinzelelo, ixesha lokuphendula, kunye nohlobo kunye nenani lemfuno efanelekileyo ukuba ilawulwe ngexesha lokuphucula isivuno nobunyulu.

2) Indlela ye-oxygen

Ukongeza kwiNdlela yeMethanol, indlela ye-oxygen ye-oxidation ikwasetyenziselwa ukulungiswa kwe-dimethyl carbonate. Le ndlela kulula ukusebenza kwaye inokufezekisa imveliso eqhubekayo.

Amanyathelo okusebenza athile ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

(1) Yongeza i-methanol kunye ne-catalyst, ubushushu kubushushu bokuphendula ngelixa ushukumisa;

(2) Yongeza igesi yeoksijini kwinkqubo yokuphendula kwaye uyaqhubeka nokushukumisa;

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Kumele kuqatshelwe ukuba indlela ye-oxygen ye-oxygen ifuna ukulawula iiparamitha ezinje ngeqondo le-oxygen, kunye nenqanaba lokuphendula, ukuphucula isivuno nobunyulu.

Ngokuziswa kweli nqaku, sinokufunda ngenkqubo yemveliso kunye neendlela zokulungiselela i-dimbonate. Ukusuka kwimo yemolekyuli kwinkcazo eneenkcukacha zenkqubo yokuphendula kunye nemveliso yemveliso, siye sabonelela ngenkqubo ebanzi nechanekileyo yolwazi. Ndiyathemba ukuba eli nqaku linokukhuthaza ukufunda nokufunda kwabafundi kule ntsimi.