Yintoni i-PE?
I-PE, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-polyethylene (i-Polyethylene), yenye yezona zinto zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiplastiki emhlabeni. Ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezibalaseleyo zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali, izixhobo ze-PE zisetyenziswa kuluhlu olubanzi lwamashishini. Ukusuka kwiingxowa zokupakisha ukuya kwizinto zokubhobhoza, i-polyethylene iphantse yonke indawo. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga ngokweenkcukacha ukuba yiyiphi i-PE, iintlobo zayo, iipropati kunye neendawo zokusetyenziswa.
1. Ubume beMichiza kunye nokuhlelwa kwe-PE
I-PE yi-resin ye-thermoplastic eyenziwe kwi-ethylene monomers ngokusebenzisa i-polymerisation reaction. Ngokuxhomekeke kuxinzelelo kunye neemeko zobushushu ngexesha lenkqubo ye-polymerization, izixhobo ze-PE zinokuhlelwa zibe ziindidi ezininzi:
I-Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE): Olu hlobo lwezinto ze-PE zilungelelaniswe ngokukhululekileyo phakathi kwamatyathanga e-molecular kwaye zine- density ephantsi.LDPE ine-flexibility enhle kunye ne-ductility, kwaye isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimveliso yeefilimu zeplastiki, izinto zokupakisha, kunye neefilimu zezolimo.

I-Polyethylene ye-High Density (HDPE): Iintambo ze-molecular ze-HDPE zicwangciswe ngokuqinileyo kwaye zinezinga eliphezulu, ngoko libonisa amandla angcono kunye nokumelana neekhemikhali.I-HDPE isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ekwenzeni imibhobho, iibhotile kunye nezitya zeplastiki.

I-Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE): I-LLDPE i-polyethylene ephantsi yoxinaniso kunye nesakhiwo se-molecular esidibanisa ukuguquguquka kwe-LDPE kunye namandla e-HDPE. Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa ukwenza ifilimu elula, iingxowa zeplastiki kunye nezixhobo zokupakisha zamashishini.

2. Iimpawu eziphambili zezinto ze-PE
Izinto ze-PE zinenani leempawu ezibonakalayo ezibonakalayo kunye neekhemikhali ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esisodwa semolekyuli, esenza ukuba igqwese kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo:
Ukumelana nemichiza: Izinto ze-PE zinokuxhathisa kakhulu kwi-acids ezininzi, i-alkalis, i-salts kunye ne-solvents kwiqondo lokushisa, okwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo kumashishini amachiza kunye namayeza.

Ukuchasana kwempembelelo elungileyo kunye namandla okuqina: I-HDPE, ngokukodwa, inamandla aphezulu kunye nokuqina kwaye inokumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu lomatshini, okwenza ukuba isetyenziswe ngokuqhelekileyo ukuvelisa iimveliso ezifuna ukumelana nemithwalo.

Iipropati ezigqwesileyo zokugquma: Izinto ze-PE yi-insulator yombane egqwesileyo, eyenza ukuba isetyenziswe ngokubanzi njenge-insulating layer for cables kunye neengcingo.

Ukufunxwa kwamanzi aphantsi: Isixhobo se-PE sinokufunxa amanzi aphantsi kakhulu kwaye ngenxa yoko igcina iimpawu zayo ezibonakalayo kwindawo efumileyo.

3. Iindawo zokusetyenziswa kwezinto ze-PE
Enkosi kwiipropathi zabo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezigqwesileyo, izixhobo ze-PE zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kubomi bemihla ngemihla nakwishishini. Ukwazi ukuba yintoni i-PE kusinceda ukuba siqonde ngcono uluhlu lwayo olubanzi lwezicelo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo:
Ishishini lokuPakisha: Izinto ze-PE zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni iifilimu zeplastiki, iingxowa zokupakisha ukutya kunye neefilimu zezolimo.I-LDPE kunye ne-LLDPE zifaneleke ngokukodwa ukwenza izinto ezahlukeneyo zokupakisha ngenxa yokuguquguquka okugqwesileyo kunye ne-ductility.

Ushishino lokwakha kunye nemibhobho: I-HDPE isoloko isetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwemibhobho yamanzi, imibhobho yegesi kunye nemibhobho yekhemikhali ngenxa yoxinzelelo olugqwesileyo kunye nokuxhathisa ukubola.

Iimveliso zasekhaya: Iimveliso zeplastiki ezininzi zemihla ngemihla, ezinje ngeemele, iingxowa zenkunkuma kunye nezingxobo zokugcina ukutya, zenziwe ngepolyethylene.

4. Ukukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo kunye nokuhlaziywa kwezinto ze-PE
Ngaphandle kweenzuzo ezininzi, ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwezinto ze-PE kuzise iingxaki zokusingqongileyo. Ngenxa yokuba ingohlisi ngokulula, iimveliso ezilahliweyo ze-PE zinokuba neempembelelo ezingalunganga zexesha elide kwi-ikhosistim. Izinto zePolyethylene ziyaphinda zisetyenziswe. Ngeendlela eziphathekayo okanye zekhemikhali, iimveliso ze-PE ezilahliweyo zinokuphinda ziphinde zifakwe kwizinto ezintsha, ngaloo ndlela zinciphisa impembelelo kokusingqongileyo.
Ukuqukumbela
Ngolu hlalutyo lungentla, sinokuqonda okuneenkcukacha malunga nomba othi “yintoni imathiriyeli ye-PE”. Njengempahla yeplastiki ebaluleke kakhulu, i-polyethylene isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini ahlukeneyo ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esikhethekileyo kunye neempawu ezintle. Nangona ukusetyenziswa kwayo kubangela imingeni yokusingqongileyo, ulawulo oluzinzileyo lwemathiriyeli ye-PE lunokufezekiswa ngokurisayikilishwa okunengqiqo.