Iplastiki elungisiweyo, ibhekisela kwiiplastiki zenjongo jikelele kunye neeplastiki zobunjineli ezisekelwe ekuzalisweni, ukudibanisa, ukuqinisa kunye nezinye iindlela zokulungisa iimveliso zeplastiki eziguquguqukayo ukuphucula ukusebenza komlilo, amandla, ukuxhathisa impembelelo, ukuqina kunye neminye imiba. Iiplastiki ezilungisiweyo ngoku zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo zasekhaya, iimoto, unxibelelwano, unyango, umbane kunye ne-elektroniki, ukuthutha ngololiwe, izixhobo ezichanekileyo, izinto zokwakha ekhaya, ukhuseleko, i-aerospace kunye ne-aviation, imboni yezempi kunye nezinye iinkalo.

Ubume boshishino lweplastiki elungisiweyo
Ngexesha lika-2010-2021, ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kweeplastiki eziguquliweyo e-China, ukusuka kwi-7.8 yezigidi zeetoni ngo-2010 ukuya kwi-22.5 yezigidi zeetoni ngo-2021, kunye nezinga lokukhula lonyaka le-12.5%. Ngokwandiswa kwezicelo zeplastiki ezilungisiweyo, ikamva leeplastiki eziguquliweyo zase China liseyindawo enkulu yophuhliso.

Okwangoku, imfuno yemarike yeplastiki eguquliweyo isasazwa ikakhulu e-United States, eJamani, eJapan naseMzantsi Korea. I-United States, iJamani, iJapan kunye namanye amazwe aphuhlileyo itekhnoloji yeplastiki ephuculweyo ihambele phambili ngakumbi, ukusetyenziswa kweeplastiki eziguquliweyo ngaphambili, imfuno yeeplastiki eziguquliweyo kule mimandla ikude lee, kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kunye nenkqubela phambili yeteknoloji yeplastiki ehlaziyiweyo yaseTshayina kunye nokukhuthazwa kokusetyenziswa kweeplastiki eziguquliweyo, ubungakanani bemarike yeplastiki eguquliweyo yaseTshayina nayo iye yanda.

Ngo-2021, imfuno yehlabathi yoshishino lweplastiki elungisiweyo yahluka kakhulu, malunga ne-11,000,000 yeetoni okanye njalo. Emva kokuphela kwendyikityha yesithsaba esitsha, kunye nokubuyiselwa kwemveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa, imfuno yemarike yeplastiki eguquliweyo iya kuba nokwanda okukhulu, ikamva lehlabathi leeplastiki eziguquliweyo ziya kuba malunga ne-3%.

Uhlaziyo lwaseTshayina kunye nokuvula, ukusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokuguqulwa kweplastiki kuye kwavela ngokuthe ngcembe, kodwa ngenxa yokuqalisa kade, ishishini lokucubungula iplastiki yasekhaya linobuchwephesha obubuthathaka, iingxaki ezincinci, iintlobo zemveliso ephezulu kakhulu zixhomekeke kwizinto ezivela kumazwe angaphandle. Idatha ibonisa ukuba ngo-2019, amashishini amashishini ase-China ngaphezu komlinganiselo wemveliso yeplastiki eguquliweyo yafikelela kwi-19.55 yezigidi zeetoni, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba ngo-2022, amashishini amashishini ase-China angaphezulu kwe-22.81 yezigidi zeetoni.

Indlela yophuhliso yoshishino lweplastiki elungisiweyo
Ngophuhliso loshicilelo lwe-3D, i-Intanethi yeZinto, unxibelelwano lwe-5G, ubukrelekrele bokwenziwa kunye nobunye ubuchwephesha, ukusetyenziswa kweeplastiki eziguquliweyo kwiindawo ezisezantsi kuyaqhubeka nokutyebisa indawo, umda wesicelo uyaqhubeka usanda, nto leyo izisa amathuba ophuhliso lweeplastiki eziguquliweyo ngaxeshanye, izinto eziguquliweyo zikwabeka phambili iimfuno eziphezulu.

Kwixesha elizayo, uphuhliso lwemveliso yeplastiki ehlaziyiweyo yaseTshayina iya kuba yile mizila ilandelayo.

(1) ukuphuculwa kunye nenkqubela phambili yeendawo ezisezantsi ziya kukhuthaza ukuphuculwa koshishino lweplastiki elungisiweyo

Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lonxibelelwano lwe-5G, i-Intanethi yezinto, i-intelligence yokufakelwa, ukuprintwa kwe-3D kunye nobunye ubuchwepheshe, ukunyuka kwekhaya elihlakaniphile, izithuthi zamandla amatsha, njl. Okwangoku, iiplastiki eziguquguqukayo zaseTshayina ezixhomekeke kwamanye amazwe zisephezulu ngokwentelekiso, i-high-end modified modified localization ayinakuphepheka, kunye noxinaniso oluphantsi, ukuqina okuphezulu, ukuqina okuphezulu, ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu, iikhompawundi eziphantsi eziguquguqukayo zeemveliso zeplastiki ziya kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi nangaphezulu.

Ngezithuthi zamandla amatsha, amakhaya ahlakaniphileyo kunye nezinye iimfuno zentengiso entsha nazo ziya kunika imfuno engaphezulu yeeplastiki eziguquliweyo ezikumgangatho ophezulu, iiplastiki eziguquliweyo ezikumgangatho ophezulu ziya kuzisa entwasahlobo yophuhliso.

(2) inkqubela yetekhnoloji yokuguqula ukukhuthaza ukuphuculwa kwezinto eziguquliweyo zeplastiki

Ngokusetyenziswa kwemfuno, imboni yeplastiki eguquliweyo iphinda iphuhlise itekhnoloji entsha yokuguqulwa kunye nokwakheka kwezinto, ukukhuthaza uphuhliso olukhawulezayo lwetekhnoloji yohlengahlengiso, ukongeza kuphuhliso oluqhubekayo lophuculo lwemveli, itekhnoloji elahla idangatye, itekhnoloji yokuguqula umdibaniso, usetyenziso olukhethekileyo, itekhnoloji ye-alloy synergistic yesicelo nayo iya kwanda, ishishini leplastiki eliguquliweyo libonisa umkhwa wokuguqulwa kobunjineli beplastiki ephezulu, ubunjineli beplastiki ephezulu.

Ubunjineli bePlasitiki yenjongo ngokubanzi oko kukuthi, iiplastiki zenjongo ngokubanzi ngokuguqulwa ngokuthe ngcembe zineempawu zeplastiki zobunjineli, ukuze zithathe indawo yenxalenye yeeplastiki zobunjineli, kwaye ngaloo ndlela ziya kuthi ngokuthe ngcembe zithimbe inxalenye yemarike yezicelo zeplastiki yobunjineli bemveli. Iiplastiki zobunjineli bobunjineli bokusebenza okuphezulu kukuphucula itekhnoloji yokuguqula, iiplastiki zobunjineli ezilungisiweyo zinokufikelela okanye zigqithise ukusebenza kwamalungu esinyithi, kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kunye nolwazi kunye nonxibelelwano lwaseTshayina, imboni yemoto yamandla entsha iyakhula, imfuno yeplastiki yobunjineli yomgangatho ophezulu yokusebenza eguquliweyo inyuke kabukhali, iyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa nemeko yokusebenza engqongqo ngamandla aphezulu, aphezulu aphezulu aphezulu kunye nokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nezinye iipropathi zeplastiki eziguquguqukayo.

Ukongeza, ngokwazisa kwezentlalo malunga nokukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nesikhokelo semigaqo-nkqubo yesizwe, imfuno yentengiso yendalo esingqongileyo, ukonga amandla ekhabhoni ephantsi, enokuphinda isetyenziswe kwaye iguquguquke iyanda, imfuno yentengiso yeeplastiki eziguquguqukayo ezinomgangatho ophezulu wokusebenza kwendalo iyenyuka, ngakumbi ivumba eliphantsi, iVOC ephantsi, akukho kutshizwa kunye nezinye iimfuno zobugcisa ezinokugubungela yonke ikhonkco leshishini elisezantsi kunye nomgangatho osezantsi.

(3) ukhuphiswano lwemarike olwandisiweyo, ugxininiso lweshishini luya kuphucula ngakumbi

Okwangoku, amashishini emveliso yeplastiki ehlaziyiweyo yaseTshayina maninzi, ukhuphiswano loshishino lunoburhalarhume, xa kuthelekiswa namashishini amakhulu ezizwe ngezizwe, amandla obuchule obuchwephesha boshishino lweplastiki oluguquliweyo lwaseTshayina lusekho umsantsa othile. Ichatshazelwa yimfazwe yorhwebo yase-US-China, isithsaba esitsha senyumoniya kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi, ishishini lokuvelisa laseTshayina linikela ingqalelo ngakumbi nangakumbi kulwakhiwo lwekhonkco lokubonelela, olufuna ikhonkco lonikezelo oluzinzileyo nelithembekileyo, ligxininise elizimeleyo nelilawulekayo, elidala amathuba amatsha kushishino lweplastiki oluguquliweyo lwaseTshayina, kunye namathuba entengiso kunye nenkxaso yemveliso yelizwe, imveliso yeplastiki iya kuvela kwinqanaba elitsha lemveliso yeplastiki. amashishini agqwesileyo anokukhuphisana namashishini amakhulu amazwe ngamazwe.

Kwangaxeshanye, i-homogenization yetekhnoloji, ukunqongophala kophando oluzimeleyo kunye namandla ophuhliso, umgangatho wemveliso kunye namashishini asezantsi nawo aya kujongana nemeko yokupheliswa kancinci kancinci kwintengiso, kwaye ukonyuka okungaphezulu koxinzelelo lwemizi-mveliso nako kuya kuba yindlela yophuhliso ngokubanzi.