M-I-cresol, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-m-methylphenol okanye i-3-methylphenol, i-organic compound kunye ne-chemical formula C7H8O. Kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, idla ngokuba lulwelo olungenambala okanye olumthubi olukhanyayo, lunyibilika kancinane emanzini, kodwa lunyibilika kwizinyibilikisi ezifana ne-ethanol, i-ether, i-sodium hydroxide, kwaye inokutsha. Le khompawundi inoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kwintsimi yeekhemikhali ezintle.

Indawo yokubulala izitshabalalisi: Njengesixhobo esiphakathi nesikrwada sezibulali zinambuzane, i-m-cresol iphinda isetyenziswe ekuveliseni izitshabalalisi ezahlukeneyo zepyrethroid, ezifana nefluazuron, cypermethrin, glyphosate, kunye ne-dichlorophenol, ngokuvelisa isibulali-zinambuzane i-m-phenoxybenzaldehyde. Kwintsimi yamachiza, i-m-cresol inoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kwaye ingasetyenziselwa njengento eluhlaza ukuvelisa amayeza ahlukeneyo, njengeziyobisi ezichasayo, izidakamizwa ze-anticancer, njl. Ukongeza, i-m-cresol ingasetyenziselwa ukulungiselela izixhobo zonyango kunye ne-disinfectants. Ishishini lemichiza elungileyo: i-m-cresol inokusetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iimveliso ezahlukeneyo zemichiza. Umzekelo, inokusabelana ne-formaldehyde yenze i-m-cresol formaldehyde resin, isisibulali-zinambuzane esibalulekileyo esiphakathi kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa imichiza yokungunda kunye nezibulali-zinambuzane. Ukongezelela, ingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-antioxidants, idayi, iziqholo, njl njl. Ezinye iindawo: i-m-cresol ingasetyenziselwa ukulungiselela izinto ezisebenzayo, ezifana ne-ion exchange resins, adsorbents, njl.

 1,Isishwankathelo senkqubo yemveliso kunye nomahluko wasekhaya nowamanye amazwe

Inkqubo yokuvelisa i-meta cresol inokwahlulwa kakhulu ibe ngamacandelo amabini: indlela yokukhupha kunye nendlela yokudibanisa. Indlela yokutsalwa ibandakanya ukufunyanwa kwakhona kwe-cresol exutyiweyo kwiimveliso zetela zamalahle emva koko nokufumana i-meta cresol ngenkqubo entsonkothileyo yokwahlukana. Imigaqo yokudibanisa ihlanganisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo ezifana ne-toluene chlorination hydrolysis, indlela ye-isopropyltoluene, kunye ne-m-toluidine diazotization method. Undoqo wezi ndlela kukwenza i-cresol ngokusabela kweekhemikhali kwaye iyahlule ngakumbi ukufumana i-m-cresol.

Okwangoku, kusekho umsantsa obalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-cresol phakathi kweTshayina namazwe angaphandle. Nangona kukho inkqubela eyenziweyo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa i-m-cresol e-China kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kusekho iziphene ezininzi kulawulo lwe-chemical reactions, ukukhethwa kwee-catalysts eziphambili, kunye nolawulo lwenkqubo. Oku kukhokelela kwixabiso eliphezulu lemeta cresol eyenziwe ekhaya, kwaye umgangatho kunzima ukukhuphisana neemveliso ezivela kumazwe angaphandle.

2,Imicelimngeni kunye nokuPhumelela kwiTekhnoloji yoKwahlula

Itekhnoloji yokwahlula ibalulekile kwinkqubo yokuvelisa imeta cresol. Ngenxa yomahluko weqondo lokubilisa we-0.4 ℃ kuphela kunye nenqanaba lokunyibilika le-24.6 ℃ phakathi kwe-meta cresol kunye ne-para cresol, kunzima ukuzohlula ngokufanelekileyo usebenzisa iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokuchithwa kunye ne-crystallization. Ke ngoko, ishishini ngokuqhelekileyo lisebenzisa i-molecular sieve adsorption kunye neendlela zealkylation zokwahlula.

Kwindlela ye-molecular sieve adsorption, ukukhetha kunye nokulungiswa kweesefu ze-molecular kubalulekile. Izihluzo zemolekyuli ezikumgangatho ophezulu zinokubhengeza i-meta cresol ngokufanelekileyo, ngaloo ndlela zifezekisa ukwahlulwa okusebenzayo kwipara cresol. Ngeli xesha, uphuhliso lwezixhobo ezintsha nezisebenzayo lukwayindlela ebalulekileyo yokuqhubela phambili kwitekhnoloji yokwahlula. Ezi zixhobo zinokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokwahlula, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kunye nokukhuthaza ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo yokuvelisa i-meta cresol.

3,Ipateni yemarike yehlabathi kunye neyaseTshayina ye-cresol

Umlinganiselo wemveliso wehlabathi jikelele wemeta cresol udlula iitoni ezingama-60000/ngonyaka, phakathi kwawo iLangsheng yaseJamani kunye neSasso evela eUnited States ngabona bavelisi bakhulu bemeta cresol kwihlabathi liphela, benamandla okuvelisa omabini afikelela kwiitoni ezingama-20000 ngonyaka. Ezi nkampani zimbini zikwindawo ephambili kwishishini ngokwenkqubo yokuvelisa i-meta cresol, ulawulo lomgangatho, kunye nophuhliso lwemarike.

Ngokwahlukileyo, inani lamashishini okuvelisa i-cresol e-China lincinci, kwaye umthamo wemveliso uwonke uncinci. Okwangoku, awona mashishini aphambili emveliso yecresol yaseTshayina abandakanya iHaihua Technology, iDongying Haiyuan, kunye ne-Anhui Shilian, amandla abo okuvelisa athatha malunga ne-20% yomthamo wemveliso we-cresol yehlabathi. Phakathi kwabo, i-Haihua Technology ngoyena mvelisi mkhulu we-meta cresol e-China, enegunya lonyaka lokuvelisa malunga neetoni ze-8000. Nangona kunjalo, umthamo wokwenyani wemveliso uyaguquguquka ngenxa yezinto ezahlukeneyo ezifana nobonelelo lwemathiriyeli ekrwada kunye nemfuno yentengiso.

4,Imeko yobonelelo kunye nemfuno kunye nokuxhomekeka kwempahla kwamanye amazwe

Ubonelelo kunye nemfuno yemeko yemarike ye-cresol e-China ibonisa ukuguquguquka okuthile. Nangona imveliso yasekhaya ye-cresol igcine ukukhula okuzinzile kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kusekho umsantsa omkhulu wokubonelela ngenxa yonyino lwenkqubo yemveliso kunye nokukhula kwemfuno yeemarike ezisezantsi. Ke ngoko, i-China isafuna ukungenisa isixa esikhulu se-meta cresol minyaka le ukwenza ukusilela kwimarike yasekhaya.

Ngokwezibalo, imveliso ye-cresol e-China ngo-2023 yayimalunga neetoni ezingama-7500, ngelixa umthamo wokungenisa ufikelele kwiitoni ezingama-225. Ngokukodwa ngo-2022, ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwamaxabiso emarike yamazwe ngamazwe kunye nokukhula kwemfuno yangaphakathi, umthamo wokungenisa we-cresol ovela e-China udlule iitoni ezingama-2000. Oku kubonisa ukuba imakethi ye-cresol e-China ixhomekeke kakhulu kwimithombo ephuma kumazwe angaphandle.

5,Iintsingiselo zexabiso lemarike kunye nezinto ezinempembelelo

Ixabiso lemarike yemeta cresol iphenjelelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo, eziquka iintsingiselo zamaxabiso emarike yamazwe ngamazwe, ubonelelo lwangaphakathi kunye neemeko zemfuno, iindleko zenkqubo yokuvelisa, kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yorhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, ixabiso lemarike lilonke le-meta cresol libonise ukuhla okunyukayo. Elona xabiso liphezulu lalikhe lafikelela kwi-27500 yuan/ton, ngelixa elona xabiso liphantsi lehla laya kutsho kwi-16400 yuan/ton.

Ixabiso lemarike yamazwe ngamazwe linempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwixabiso lasekhaya le-cresol. Ngenxa yomsantsa obalulekileyo wobonelelo kwimarike ye-cresol phakathi kwe-China, amaxabiso okungenisa ahlala abe ngumba omisela amaxabiso angaphakathi. Nangona kunjalo, ngokukhula kwemveliso yasekhaya kunye nokuphuculwa kwekhonkco lemizi-mveliso, ukongamela kwamaxabiso asekhaya ngokuthe ngcembe kubuya. Ngeli xesha, ukuphuculwa kweenkqubo zemveliso yasekhaya kunye nokulawulwa kweendleko nako kunempembelelo entle kumaxabiso emarike.

Ukongeza, ukuphunyezwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo echasene nokulahla kwakhona kunempembelelo ethile kwixabiso lemarike ye-meta cresol. Umzekelo, i-China iqalise ngophando oluchasene nokulahla i-meta cresol evela kumazwe angaphandle evela e-United States, i-European Union, kunye ne-Japan, isenza ukuba kube nzima kwiimveliso ze-meta cresol ezivela kula mazwe ukuba zingene kwimarike yase-China, ngaloo ndlela ichaphazela unikezelo kunye nepateni yemfuno kunye nexabiso lemarike ye-meta cresol yehlabathi.

6Abaqhubi beemarike ezisezantsi kunye namandla okukhula

Njengomphakathi obalulekileyo kwishishini lemichiza elungileyo, i-meta cresol inoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo ezisezantsi. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokukhula okukhawulezayo kweemarike ezisezantsi ze-menthol kunye nezitshabalalisi, imfuno yentengiso ye-meta cresol ibonise ukukhula okuzinzileyo.

I-Menthol, njengesithako esibalulekileyo se-spice, inoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kwishishini lemichiza yemihla ngemihla. Ngokusukela kwabantu umgangatho wobomi kunye nokwanda okuqhubekayo kwemarike yemveliso yemichiza yemihla ngemihla, imfuno ye-menthol nayo iyanda. Njengenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo zokuvelisa i-menthol, imfuno yemarike ye-m-cresol nayo inyukile.

Ukongeza, ishishini lokubulala izitshabalalisi likwayenye yeendawo ezibalulekileyo zokusetyenziswa kwemeta cresol. Ngophuculo lolwazi lwendalo esingqongileyo kunye nokulungiswa kunye nokuphuculwa koshishino lwezitshabalalisi, imfuno esebenzayo, ityhefu ephantsi, kunye neemveliso zezitshabalalisi ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo ihlala isanda. Njengemathiriyeli ekrwada ebalulekileyo yokuvelisa izitshabalalisi ezahlukeneyo, imfuno yentengiso yemeta cresol iya kuqhubeka nokukhula.

Ukongeza kwimizi-mveliso ye-menthol kunye ne-pesticide, i-m-cresol nayo inezicelo ezibanzi kwi-VE nakwamanye amacandelo. Uphuhliso olukhawulezayo lwala macandelo lukwabonelela ngamathuba okukhula ngokubanzi kwimarike yemeta cresol.

7.Imbono yekamva kunye neengcebiso

Ukujonga phambili, imarike yaseTshayina ye-cresol ijongene namathuba amaninzi kunye nemingeni. Ngokuqhubekeka kokuphuculwa kweenkqubo zemveliso yasekhaya kunye nokwanda okuqhubekayo kweemarike ezisezantsi, amandla okukhula kweshishini lemeta cresol aya ebonakala ngakumbi. Ngelixa ujongene nemingeni, ishishini le-cresol e-China nalo linamathuba abanzi ophuhliso. Ngokwandisa ukuveliswa kweteknoloji, ukwandisa iimarike zamazwe ngamazwe, ukomeleza intsebenziswano kunye namashishini asezantsi, kunye nokufumana inkxaso karhulumente, i-China ye-cresol industry kulindeleke ukuba ifezekise uphuhliso oluzinzileyo noluzinzileyo kwixesha elizayo.