Kwizigqibo zokuthenga ngaphakathiishishini lemichiza, imigangatho yokupakishwa kweekhemikhali iphakathi kweengqwalasela eziphambili kubathengi. Uyilo olufanelekileyo lokupakisha kunye nokukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo akuqinisekisi ukhuseleko lwemveliso kuphela kodwa kunciphise iindleko zokuthutha kunye nokugcinwa. Eli nqaku liza kuhlalutya ngokweenkcukacha imigangatho yokupakishwa kweekhemikhali ekufuneka abathengi bayiqonde kwimiba emithathu: ukukhetha izinto zokupakisha, iimfuno zokuleyibheli, kunye noyilo lokupakisha kunye neemfuno zothutho.
Ukukhethwa kweMathiriyeli yokuPakisha
Xa ukhetha izinto zokupakisha iikhemikhali, eyona nto iphambili yokuqwalaselwa kukuhambelana kweekhemikhali zezinto. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeekhemikhali zineemfuno ezahlukeneyo zezinto zokupakisha. Umzekelo, iikhemikhali ezinobungozi zinokufuna iibhotile zeglasi, ngelixa iikhemikhali eziqhelekileyo ezisekwe kwi-solvent zifanelekile kwiibhotile zeplastiki okanye iitoti zetsimbi. Iibhotile zeglasi zinenzuzo ye-inertness ephezulu yeekhemikhali kwaye azikhuphi izinto ezinobungozi. Nangona kunjalo, ukungalungi kwabo kubandakanya iindleko eziphezulu kunye nesidingo sokupakisha okukhethekileyo ngexesha lokuthutha ukukhusela ukuphuka. Iibhotile zeplastiki ziphantsi kweendleko, kulula ukusetyenzwa kunye nokuthutha, kodwa iiplastiki zihlala zithengisa iikhemikhali, kwaye ukugcinwa kwexesha elide kunokubangela ukungcoliseka kwendalo. Iinkonkxa zesinyithi zinokumelana ne-corrosion kunye nokusebenza kokutywinwa, okuzenza zilungele iikhemikhali ezinyibilikayo ngokulula okanye ezisebenza kakhulu, nangona iindleko zazo zokuvelisa ziphezulu.
Ukumelana nobushushu bezinto zokupakisha nazo zibalulekile ingqalelo. Kwimveliso yemichiza, imichiza isoloko ifuna ukugcinwa kwaye ihanjiswe phantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuphezulu okanye obuphantsi. Iibhotile zeglasi eziphakamileyo ezinyibilikayo kunye neetoti zetsimbi zingasetyenziselwa kumaqondo okushisa aphezulu, ngelixa iibhotile zeplastiki zixhomekeke kwi-deformation kwaye ayifanelekanga ukugcina ukushisa okuphezulu. Ukurisayiklishwa kwakhona kunye nobuhlobo bendalo bezinto zokupakisha nazo ziyinkxalabo ephambili kubathengi banamhlanje; ukukhetha izinto ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo kunokunciphisa umthwalo kwindalo.
Iileyibhile kunye nokuMakisha
Iileyibhile ezisemgangathweni kwipakethe yeekhemikhali kufuneka iqulethe iziqwenga ezininzi zolwazi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukhuseleko lwemveliso kunye nokulandeleka. NgokoMgangatho waMazwe ngaMazwe woKhuseleko loKhuseleko lweMichiza (ITIS), iilebhile kufuneka zibandakanye ulwazi olufana negama lekhemikhali, ukuhlelwa, iipropati ezinobungozi, iimeko zokugcina, kunye nenombolo yelayisensi yokuvelisa. Kwimarike yaseTshayina, iileyibhile zeekhemikhali kufuneka zihambelane nemimiselo yelizwe malunga nokubhala ukhuseleko lweekhemikhali, kunye nomxholo othe kratya oquka ukuhlelwa, ukusetyenziswa, iimeko zokugcina, kunye nemiyalelo yoqhagamshelwano oluphuthumayo.
Ukucaca kunye nokuchaneka kweelebhile kunye nokuphawulwa kubalulekile kwizigqibo zabathengi. Ukuba ulwazi lwelebhile aluphelelanga okanye alucacanga, abathengi basenokungakwazi ukuvavanya ngokuchanekileyo ukhuseleko lwemveliso kunye neemeko zokugcina. Ifonti kunye noyilo lomxholo weelebhile kufuneka kwakhona zihlangabezane neemfuno eziqhelekileyo zokuqinisekisa ukuba abafundi banokuqonda ngokuchanekileyo umxholo welebhile.
Uyilo lokuPakisha kunye neeMfuno zoThutho
Uyilo lokupakisha likhonkco eliphambili ekuqinisekiseni ukuthuthwa okukhuselekileyo kweekhemikhali. Uyilo lobungqina bokuvuza lunokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukupakishwa ekuvuzeni ngexesha lokuthuthwa, ukukhusela ukhuseleko lweziqulatho. Uyilo lobungqina bokufuma lufanelekile ukugcina nokuthutha imichiza efunxa ukufuma okanye i-oxidizable, enokusebenzisa iileya ezinobumanzi okanye izinto ezikhethekileyo. Uyilo lobungqina bokuthuthumela lujongana neentshukumo ezinokubakho ngexesha lothutho, kusetyenziswa izinto eziqinileyo kunye nezakhiwo ezitywiniweyo.
Ngokweemfuno zothutho, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeekhemikhali zinemigangatho eyahlukeneyo yokupakishwa kunye nokuthutha. Iikhemikhali ezinobungozi zifuna ukupakishwa okukhethekileyo kunye neelebhile, kunye ne-anti-seepage tape kunye nezixhobo ezichasene nokungqubana ngexesha lokuthutha. Imichiza enokutsha okanye eqhumayo idinga uyilo olukhethekileyo lokupakisha kunye nemiyalelo yokuphatha. Ngexesha lothutho, izinto zokupakisha kunye neelebhile kufuneka zihlale zilungile ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulwazi alulahleki xa lufunyenwe.
Isishwankathelo
Imigangatho yokupakishwa kwamachiza sisiseko esibalulekileyo kubathengi kwishishini lemichiza xa bekhetha izinto zokupakisha kunye neelebhile. Ukukhetha izinto ezifanelekileyo zokupakisha akuhambelani kuphela nokhuseleko lwemveliso kodwa kuchaphazela iindleko zokuthutha kunye nokugcinwa. Ukucaca kunye nokuchaneka kweelebhile kunye nokumakishwa yimfuneko esisiseko kubathengi malunga nomgangatho wokupakisha. Ngokuqonda nzulu imigangatho yokupakishwa kweekhemikhali, abathengi banokwenza izigqibo zokuthenga benolwazi ngakumbi, beqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokuthotyelwa kweemveliso kubo bonke ubomi babo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-14-2025
