Isopropanolyikhompawundi eqhelekileyo yendalo esetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa izibulali ntsholongwane, izinyibilikisi, kunye nemathiriyeli ekrwada yemichiza. Inoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kwishishini kunye nobomi bemihla ngemihla. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqonda inkqubo yokwenziwa kwe-isopropanol kubaluleke kakhulu kuthi ukuze siqonde ngcono iimpawu zayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo. Eli nqaku liza kunika isingeniso esicacileyo kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwe-isopropanol kunye nemiba ehambelana nayo.

Umzimba ophambili:

1.Indlela ye-Synthesis ye-isopropanol

I-Isopropanol iveliswa ikakhulu yi-hydration yepropylene. Ipropylene hydration yinkqubo yokuphendula ipropylene ngamanzi ukuvelisa i-isopropanol phantsi kwesenzo se-catalyst. IiCatalysts zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kule nkqubo, njengoko zinokukhawulezisa amazinga okuphendula kunye nokuphucula ukukhethwa kwemveliso. Okwangoku, ii-catalysts ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka i-asidi yesulfuric, i-alkali metal oxides, kunye ne-ion exchange resins.

2.Umthombo wepropylene

Ipropylene ubukhulu becala ivela kumafutha efosili afana neoyile kunye negesi yendalo. Ngoko ke, inkqubo yokuvelisa i-isopropanol ixhomekeke kwinqanaba elithile kumafutha e-fossil. Nangona kunjalo, ngokunyuka kolwazi lokukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nokuphuhliswa kwamandla avuselelekayo, abantu bahlola iindlela ezintsha zokuvelisa ipropylene, njengokuvutshelwa kwezinto eziphilayo okanye ukuhlanganiswa kweekhemikhali.

3.Ukuhamba kwenkqubo yokuvelisa

Inkqubo yokwenziwa kwe-isopropanol ikakhulu ibandakanya la manyathelo alandelayo: ipropylene hydration, i-catalyst recovery, ukuhlukana kwemveliso, kunye nokucocwa. I-propylene hydration iyenzeka kwiqondo lokushisa elithile kunye noxinzelelo, apho i-catalyst yongezwa kumxube wepropylene kunye namanzi. Emva kokuba impendulo igqityiwe, i-catalyst kufuneka ibuyiselwe ukunciphisa iindleko zemveliso. Ukwahlula imveliso kunye nokucocwa yinkqubo yokwahlula i-isopropanol kumxube wokusabela kunye nokuwucoca ukuze ufumane imveliso ecocekileyo.

Isiphelo:

I-Isopropanol yinto ebalulekileyo ye-organic compound kunye nokusetyenziswa okuninzi. Inkqubo yokuvelisa ikakhulu ibandakanya ukusabela kwe-hydration yepropylene, kwaye i-catalyst idlala indima ebalulekileyo kule nkqubo. Nangona kunjalo, kusekho imiba ethile kunye nohlobo lwe-catalyst esetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwe-isopropanol kunye nomthombo wepropylene, njengongcoliseko lwendalo kunye nokusetyenziswa kobutyebi. Ngoko ke, kufuneka siqhubeke siphonononga iinkqubo ezintsha zokuvelisa kunye nobuchwepheshe ukuze sifezekise imveliso eluhlaza, esebenzayo, kunye nezinzileyo ye-isopropanol.