Phenolyimathiriyeli ekrwada yeekhemikhali ebaluleke kakhulu, esetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso yeekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo, njengeplastiki, i-antioxidants, i-ejenti yokunyanga, njl. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda iteknoloji yokuvelisa i-phenol. Kweli nqaku, siza kwazisa itekhnoloji yokwenziwa kwephenol ngokweenkcukacha.

Ukulungiswa kwephenol ngokuqhelekileyo kuqhutyelwa ngokuphendula ibenzene kunye nepropylene phambi kwee-catalysts. Inkqubo yokusabela inokwahlulwa ibe ngamanyathelo amathathu: inyathelo lokuqala kukusabela kwebenzene kunye nepropylene ukwenza icumene; inyathelo lesibini yi-oxidation ye-cumene ukwenza i-cumene hydroperoxide; kwaye inyathelo lesithathu kukuqhekeka kwe-cumene hydroperoxide ukwenza i-phenol kunye ne-acetone.

Kwinqanaba lokuqala, i-benzene kunye nepropylene ziphendulwa xa kukho i-acid catalyst ukwenza i-cumene. Oku kusabela kuqhutyelwa kwiqondo lokushisa malunga ne-80 ukuya kwi-100 degrees Celsius kunye noxinzelelo malunga ne-10 ukuya kwi-30 kg / cm2. I-catalyst esetyenziswayo ngokuqhelekileyo i-aluminium chloride okanye i-sulfuric acid. Imveliso yokusabela yi-cumene, eyahlulwe kumxube wokusabela nge-distillation.

Kwinqanaba lesibini, i-cumene i-oxidized ngomoya phambi kwe-acid catalyst ukwenza i-cumene hydroperoxide. Oku kusabela kuqhutyelwa kwiqondo lokushisa malunga ne-70 ukuya kwi-90 degrees Celsius kunye noxinzelelo malunga ne-1 ukuya kwi-2 kg / cm2. I-catalyst esetyenziswayo idla ngokuba yi-sulfuric acid okanye i-phosphoric acid. Imveliso yokusabela yi-cumene hydroperoxide, eyahlulwe kumxube wokusabela nge-distillation.

Kwinqanaba lesithathu, i-cumene hydroperoxide icatshulwe phambi kwe-acid catalyst ukuze yenze i-phenol kunye ne-acetone. Oku kusabela kuqhutyelwa kwiqondo lokushisa malunga ne-100 ukuya kwi-130 degrees Celsius kunye noxinzelelo malunga ne-1 ukuya kwi-2 kg / cm2. I-catalyst esetyenziswayo idla ngokuba yi-sulfuric acid okanye i-phosphoric acid. Imveliso yokusabela ngumxube we-phenol kunye ne-acetone, ehlulwe kumxube wokuphendula ngokuxutywa kwe-distillation.

Ekugqibeleni, ukwahlukana kunye nokuhlanjululwa kwephenol kunye ne-acetone kuqhutyelwa yi-distillation. Ukuze ufumane iimveliso ezicocekileyo, uluhlu lweekholomu ze-distillation zidla ngokusetyenziselwa ukuhlukana kunye nokucoca. Imveliso yokugqibela yiphenol, engasetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweemveliso ezahlukeneyo zeekhemikhali.

Isishwankathelo, ukulungiswa kwephenol kwi-benzene kunye nepropylene ngokusebenzisa amanyathelo amathathu angasentla kunokufumana i-phenol ephezulu. Nangona kunjalo, le nkqubo idinga ukusebenzisa inani elikhulu le-asidi catalysts, eya kubangela ukubola okukhulu kwezixhobo kunye nongcoliseko lwendalo. Ke ngoko, ezinye iindlela zokulungiselela ezintsha ziyaphuhliswa ukuze zithathe indawo yale nkqubo. Ngokomzekelo, indlela yokulungiselela i-phenol usebenzisa i-biocatalysts isetyenziswe ngokuthe ngcembe kwishishini.