Indawo yokuBilisa ye-n-Hexane: Uhlalutyo lweParameter eBalulekileyo kuShishino lweMichiza
I-Hexane (n-Hexane) yinto eqhelekileyo esetyenziswa kwimichiza, amayeza, ipeyinti kunye namashishini anyibilikayo. Iphuzu layo lokubilisa liyiparameter yomzimba ebaluleke kakhulu echaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusetyenziswa kwayo kunye nokusingatha iinkqubo zoshishino. Kweli nqaku, siya kuhlalutya ngokweenkcukacha ulwazi lwe-n-hexane yokubilisa indawo, kubandakanywa nenkcazo yayo, izinto ezichaphazelayo kunye nokusetyenziswa okusebenzayo.
Iimpawu ezisisiseko ze-n-hexane
I-Hexane lulwelo olungenambala noluselubala kunye nefomula yeekhemikhali C6H14, eyeyealkanes. Imolekyuli yayo ineeathom zekhabhoni ezintandathu kunye neeathom zehydrogen ezilishumi elinesine. Ngenxa ye-symmetry yesakhiwo se-molecular ye-hexane, i-molecule engeyiyo i-polar ene-polarity ephantsi, ebangela ukungahambi kakuhle kwezinto ze-polar ezifana namanzi, kwaye ifaneleke ngakumbi ukusebenzisana nezinye i-solvents non-polar.
Indawo yokubila ye-hexane yipropathi ebonakalayo ebaluleke kakhulu kwaye ichazwa njengeqondo lobushushu apho i-hexane kwimeko yolwelo iguqulelwa kwimo yegesi kuxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lwe-atmospheric (1 atm, 101.3 kPa). Ngokwedatha yovavanyo, indawo yokubila ye-n-hexane yi-68.7 °C.
Izinto ezichaphazela indawo yokubilisa ye-hexane
Ubume bemolekyuli
Imolekyuli ye-hexane yialkane ethe tye eneeathom zekhabhoni ezicwangciswe kwisakhiwo somgca. Olu lwakhiwo lubangela amandla abuthathaka e-van der Waals phakathi kweeathom kwaye ngenxa yoko i-n-hexane inendawo yokubila esezantsi. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iialkanes ezinobunzima obufanayo bemolekyuli kodwa isakhiwo esintsonkothileyo, esifana ne-cyclohexane, zinamandla anamandla e-intermolecular kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu lokubilisa.

Isiphumo soxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric
Indawo yokubilisa ye-n-hexane ngokuqhelekileyo isekelwe kwiimeko zoxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lwe-atmospheric. Ukuba uxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric kwimeko yangaphandle luyatshintsha, eyona ndawo yokubilisa ye-hexane nayo iya kutshintsha. Kuxinzelelo oluphantsi, olufana ne-vacuum distillation, indawo yokubilisa ye-hexane isezantsi kakhulu, iyenza iguquke ngakumbi.

Impembelelo yobunyulu kunye nomxube
Ukucoceka kwe-hexane kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo indawo yayo yokubilisa. Xa i-hexane iqulethe ukungcola okanye yenza imixube kunye nezinye iikhompawundi, indawo yokubilisa inokutshintsha. Umzekelo, ukuba i-hexane ixutywe nolunye ulwelo kwinkqubo yekhemikhali, indawo yayo yokubila inokuthotywa (ukwakheka kwe-azeotropes), enokutshintsha indlela yokuziphatha kwayo yokuba ngumphunga.

Ukubaluleka kweHexane yokuBilisa iNdawo yokuBilisa kwizicelo zoShishino
Izicelo zokunyibilikisa
I-Hexane isetyenziswa kakhulu njengesinyibilikisi, ngakumbi ekutsalweni kwegrisi, kwimizi-mveliso yokuncamathelisa kunye nakumashishini epeyinti. Kwezi zicelo, iqondo lokubila le-hexane limisela izinga lokunyuka kwamanzi. Ngenxa yokubilisa kwayo okuphantsi, i-hexane iyakwazi ukuphuphuma ngokukhawuleza, inciphisa iintsalela ze-solvent kwaye ngaloo ndlela iqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso.

I-distillation kunye neenkqubo zokwahlula
Kwiinkqubo zepetrochemical kunye nokusulungekiswa, i-hexane isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-fraction ye-oyile ekrwada. Ngenxa yeqondo eliphantsi lokubilisa, i-evaporation kunye ne-condensation yokuziphatha kwe-hexane kwiikholamu ze-distillation inokunceda ukuhlula kwezinye i-alkanes okanye izinyibilikisi. Ukufumana indawo yokubilisa ye-n-hexane ilungelo kubalulekile ekulawuleni ubushushu kunye neemeko zoxinzelelo lwenkqubo ye-distillation ukuqinisekisa ukwahlula okusebenzayo.

Iingqwalasela zokusiNgqongileyo noKhuseleko
Ngenxa yokuba i-hexane ineqondo eliphantsi lokubila, ithande ukuguquguquka kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, nto leyo iphakamisa umba wokukhutshwa kweekhompawundi ze-volatile organic organics (VOCs). Ngexesha lokusebenza, umoya wokungena umoya kufuneka uphuculwe kwaye amanyathelo afanelekileyo okukhusela kufuneka asetyenziswe ukuthintela ukwakheka komphunga we-hexane ukuphepha iingozi ezinokuthi zibekho kwimpilo kunye nokhuseleko.

Ukushwankathela
Ipharamitha ebonakalayo yendawo yokubilisa ye-hexane inezicelo ezibalulekileyo ezisebenzayo kwishishini lemichiza. Ukuhlalutya inani lezinto ezifana nesakhiwo se-molecular, uxinzelelo lwe-atmospheric kunye nokuhlanzeka, kunokubonwa ukuba indawo yokubilisa ayichaphazeli nje ukuguquguquka kwe-n-hexane kunye nenkqubo ye-distillation, kodwa iphinda inqume ukhuseleko lwalo lokusebenza kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino. Ingaba isetyenziswe njenge-solvent okanye njengento eluhlaza yokwahlula, ukuqonda okufanelekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwendawo yokubilisa ye-hexane kubalulekile ekuphuculeni imveliso kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko.