Uhlalutyo olubilisayo lwe-acetic acid: ubushushu, izinto ezichaphazelayo kunye nokusetyenziswa
I-acetic acid (ifomula yeekhemikhali CH₃COOH), ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-acetic acid, yi-asidi ephilayo esetyenziswa kakhulu kwimichiza, ukutya kunye namashishini amayeza. Iimpawu ezibonakalayo ze-acetic acid, ngakumbi iqondo lokubila kwayo, zibalulekile kwinkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwishishini lemichiza. Kule nqaku, siza kuhlalutya iqondo lokubilisa i-acetic acid ngokweenkcukacha, sixoxe ngezinto ezichaphazelayo kunye nokubaluleka kwayo kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zesicelo.
Isishwankathelo esisisiseko sendawo yokubilisa ye-acetic acid
Indawo yokubilisa ye-acetic acid yi-117.9 ° C (244.2 ° F), elinganiswa kuxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lwe-atmospheric (1 atmospheric, 101.3 kPa). Kobu bushushu, iacetic acid iyatshintsha isuke kulwelo iye kwigesi, inkqubo elinyathelo elibalulekileyo kwiinkqubo ezininzi zemichiza. I-acetic acid inomlinganiselo ophezulu wokubilisa xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iikhompawundi eziqhelekileyo ze-organic, ezibangelwa ubukhulu becala kubukho beebhondi ze-hydrogen phakathi kweemolekyuli zayo.
Izinto ezichaphazela indawo yokubilisa ye-acetic acid
Nangona iqondo lokubilisa eliqhelekileyo le-acetic acid liyi-117.9 ° C, ekusebenzeni lo bushushu buchatshazelwa yizinto ezininzi. Uxinzelelo lunempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwindawo yokubilisa. Kwiingcinezelo ezisezantsi (umzekelo, iimeko ze-vacuum), indawo yokubilisa ye-acetic acid iyancipha kakhulu, kanti kwiindawo ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu, indawo yokubilisa iyanda. Ngoko ke, ngexesha lokukhutshwa kwezoshishino, ukulawula uxinzelelo lwenkqubo kunokulawula ngokufanelekileyo ukubilisa kunye nokwahlula ukusebenza kwe-acetic acid.
Ukungcola kwisisombululo kunokuba nefuthe kwindawo yokubilisa ye-acetic acid. Ngokukodwa xa i-acetic acid yenza imixube kunye nezinye iikhompawundi, indawo yayo yokubilisa inokuphambuka kumaxabiso asemgangathweni. Ngokomzekelo, kwizisombululo ezinamanzi, indawo yokubilisa ye-acetic acid ingancitshiswa ngenxa yeziganeko ze-azeotropic. Ukuqonda nokulawula le miba kubalulekile ukuze kuphuculwe iinkqubo zokuvelisa imichiza.
Ukusetyenziswa kweendawo zokuBilisa i-Acetic Acid kwiShishini
Indawo yokubilisa ye-acetic acid ayiyona nje iparameter ebalulekileyo kwiimpawu zayo ezibonakalayo, ibalulekile ekuphembeleleni ukusetyenziswa kwayo kwiinkqubo ezininzi zoshishino. Isicelo esiqhelekileyo kukuchithwa kunye nokucocwa kwe-acetic acid. Kwimveliso yeekhemikhali, ukulawulwa ngokuchanekileyo kwendawo yokubilisa kuyinyathelo eliphambili ekufumaneni ukucoceka okuphezulu kwe-acetic acid. Kwimveliso ye-acetate kunye ne-acetate esters, ukulawulwa kwendawo yokubilisa ye-acetic acid nayo inefuthe elithe ngqo kumgangatho wemveliso kunye nemveliso.
Indawo yokubilisa ye-acetic acid nayo inezicelo ezibalulekileyo ekubekweni kweliso kwendalo kunye neenkqubo zonyango. Ukunyangwa kwamanzi amdaka okanye igesi engcolileyo ene-acetic acid inokufezekiswa ngokutshisa i-acetic acid ngokufudumeza. Ke ngoko, ukuqonda indawo yokubilisa ye-acetic acid kunye nomthetho wayo oguqukayo kubalulekile ekuyileni inkqubo yonyango esebenzayo.
Isishwankathelo
Indawo yokubilisa ye-acetic acid yiparameter yomzimba ebalulekileyo enexabiso elibanzi lesicelo kwishishini lemichiza. Ukuqonda kunye nokulawula izinto ezichaphazelayo kwindawo yokubilisa ye-acetic acid, njengoxinzelelo kunye nomxholo wokungcola, kunokunceda iinjineli kunye neengcali ziphucule inkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wemveliso. Ukusetyenziswa okuphindaphindiweyo kwendawo yokubilisa ye-acetic acid kwishishini kwakhona kugxininisa ukubaluleka kwayo kwimveliso kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo. Kuphando lwexesha elizayo kunye nokusetyenziswa, uhlalutyo olunzulu lwendawo yokubilisa ye-acetic acid iya kuqhubeka nokuzisa ukuphumelela ngakumbi kwezobuchwepheshe kwishishini lemichiza.