Uxinzelelo lwe-Acetic Acid yeGlacial: Uhlalutyo oluBanzi
I-acetic acid ye-glacial, ikhemikhali eyaziwa ngokuba yi-acetic acid, yinto ebalulekileyo yeekhemikhali ekrwada kunye ne-solvent ye-organic. Kubonakala njengolwelo olungenambala kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, kwaye xa iqondo lobushushu lingaphantsi kwe-16.7 ° C, liya kukhazimla libe yinto eqinileyo efana nomkhenkce, kungoko igama elithi "glacial acetic acid". Ukuqonda ukuxinana kwe-acetic acid ye-glacial kubalulekile kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino kunye noyilo lovavanyo. Eli nqaku liza kuhlalutya ubuninzi be-acetic acid ye-glacial ngokweenkcukacha.
1. Ingcamango esisiseko ye-glacial acetic acid density
Ubuninzi be-glacial acetic acid bubhekiselele kubunzima be-acetic acid kwiyunithi nganye kubushushu obuthile kunye noxinzelelo. Uxinaniso ludla ngokubonakaliswa yiyunithi g/cm³ okanye kg/m³. Ubuninzi be-glacial acetic acid ayiyona nje iparameter ebalulekileyo yeempawu zayo ezibonakalayo, kodwa idlala indima ephambili ekulungiseleleni isisombululo, ukugcinwa kunye nokuthutha. Ubuninzi be glacial acetic acid bumalunga ne 1.049 g/cm³ kwimeko esemgangathweni ye 25°C, into ethetha ukuba i-acetic acid yomkhenkce inzima kancinci kunamanzi.
2. Impembelelo yeqondo lokushisa kubuninzi be-acetic acid ye-glacial
Ubushushu buyinto ebalulekileyo echaphazela ukuxinana kwe-acetic acid ye-glacial. Njengoko iqondo lokushisa linyuka, ubuninzi be-acetic acid ye-glacial buyancipha. Oku kubangelwa ukunyuka kwe-molecular motion kunye nokwandiswa komthamo obangelwa ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa, okubangela ukuhla kobunzima kwiyunithi nganye. Ngokukodwa, ubuninzi be-acetic acid yomkhenkce buhla ukusuka malunga ne-1.055 g/cm³ ukuya kwi-1.049 g/cm³ xa ubushushu bonyusiwe ukusuka ku-0°C ukuya ku-20°C. Ukuqonda kunye nokulawula umphumo weqondo lokushisa ekuxininiseni kubalulekile kwiinkqubo zoshishino ezifuna ukulungelelaniswa okuchanekileyo.
3. Ukubaluleka kwe-glacial acetic acid density kwizicelo zoshishino
Kwimveliso yeekhemikhali, ukuhluka kobuninzi be-glacial acetic acid kunokuchaphazela umlinganiselo wokuxuba we-reactants kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokuphendula. Ngokomzekelo, ekuveliseni i-vinyl acetate, i-cellulose esters, kunye ne-polyester resins, i-glacial acetic acid idla ngokusetyenziswa njengendlela yokuphendula engundoqo okanye i-solvent, kwaye ukuqonda ngokuchanekileyo ubuninzi bayo kunceda ukulawula ukuchaneka kwempendulo. Xa ugcina kwaye uhambisa i-glacial acetic acid, idatha yoxinaniso nayo isetyenziselwa ukubala ubudlelwane phakathi kobunzima kunye nomthamo ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweendleko.
4. Indlela yokulinganisa ubuninzi be-glacial acetic acid
Ubuninzi be-glacial acetic acid bunokulinganiswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kukusetyenziswa kwe-densitometer okanye indlela ethile yebhotile yomxhuzulane. I-densitometer ilinganisa ngokukhawuleza ukuxinana kolwelo, ngelixa indlela yebhotile yomxhuzulane okhethekileyo ibala ingxinano ngokulinganisa ubunzima bomthamo othile wolwelo. Ulawulo lobushushu lukwabalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwemilinganiselo, njengoko utshintsho oluncinci kwiqondo lokushisa lunokubangela ukuguquka kobuninzi.
5. Imigangatho kunye nezilumkiso zokhuseleko lobuninzi be-acetic acid ye-glacial
Xa usebenzisa i-acetic acid ye-glacial, akuyimfuneko kuphela ukunikela ingqalelo ekutshintsheni koxinzelelo, kodwa nokugcina ngokungqongqo imigangatho yokhuseleko. I-acetic acid yeglacial inomhlwa kakhulu kwaye iyaguquguquka, kwaye ukudibana nesikhumba okanye ukuphefumla umphunga kunokubangela ukwenzakala. Ngoko ke, xa usebenzisa i-glacial acetic acid, kufuneka uxhotyiswe ngamanyathelo okukhusela afanelekileyo, njengokugqoka iiglavu kunye neeglasi zokukhusela, kwaye usebenze kwindawo enomoya ococekileyo.
Ukuqukumbela
Ubuninzi be-glacial acetic acid yiparameter ephambili kwiinkqubo ezininzi zeekhemikhali, ezithintekayo kakhulu kwiinguqu zeqondo lokushisa kwaye zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwayo kwizicelo zoshishino. Ulwazi oluchanekileyo lobuninzi be-glacial acetic acid luvumela ulawulo olungcono lwenkqubo, luphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo. Nokuba kwilabhoratri okanye kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuxinana kwe-acetic acid yeglacial. Kuyathenjwa ukuba uhlalutyo olubanzi lokuxinana kwe-acetic acid ye-glacial kweli phepha linokubonelela ngereferensi kunye nokunceda abasebenzi kwiinkalo ezinxulumeneyo.