Igama lemvelisoOko kukuthi: i-calcium carbide
Imo yemolekyuli:C2Ca
Inombolo yeCAS:75-20-7
Ulwakhiwo lwemolekyuli yemveliso:
I-calcium carbide (ifomula yemolekyuli: CaC2), luhlobo lwemathiriyeli ebalulekileyo yeekhemikhali eveliswa kukwenziwa kweekhemikhali zekalika. Kwi-1892, u-H. Maysan (isiFrentshi) kunye no-H. Wilson (eUnited States) ngaxeshanye baqulunqa indlela yokuvelisa i-calcium carbide esekelwe ekuNcitshisweni kwesithando somlilo. I-United States iphumelele ngempumelelo imveliso yezoshishino kwi-1895. Ipropati ye-calcium carbide inxulumene nokucoceka kwayo. Imveliso yayo yemveliso ubukhulu becala ngumxube we-calcium carbide kunye ne-calcium oxide, kwaye iqulethe izixa zesulfure, i-phosphorus, i-nitrogen kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo. Ngomxholo okhulayo wokungcola, umbala ubonisa ingwevu, imdaka ukuya kumnyama. Indawo yokunyibilika kunye ne-conductivity yombane zombini iyancipha ngokuhla kobunyulu. Ukucoceka kwemveliso yayo yoshishino idla ngokuba yi-80% kunye ne-mp ibe yi-1800 ~ 2000 °C. Kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, ayisebenzi emoyeni, kodwa inokuba ne-oxidation reaction ngaphezulu kwe-350 ℃, kwaye ibe nokusabela ngenitrogen ku-600~700 ℃ ukwenza i-calcium cyanamide. I-calcium carbide, xa idibana namanzi okanye umphunga, ivelisa i-acetylene kwaye ikhuphe isixa esikhulu sokufudumeza. I-CaC2 + 2H2O─ → C2H2 + Ca (OH) 2 + 125185.32J, i-1kg ye-calcium carbide ecocekileyo inokuvelisa i-366 L ye-acetylene 366l (15 ℃, 0.1MPa). Ngaloo ndlela, ukugcinwa kwayo: i-calcium carbide kufuneka igcinwe ngokungqongqo emanzini. Idla ngokupakishwa kwisitya sentsimbi esitywiniweyo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha igcinwe kwindawo eyomileyo ezaliswe yinitrogen ukuba kuyimfuneko.
I-Calcium carbide (CaC2) inevumba elifana negalikhi kwaye idibana namanzi ukwenza igesi ye-acetylene kunye ne-calcium hydroxide kunye nobushushu. Ngaphambili, yayisetyenziswa kwizibane zabasebenzi basezimayini ukuvelisa ngokuqhubekayo idangatye elincinci le-acetylene ukubonelela ukukhanya kwimigodi yamalahle.
I-calcium carbide isetyenziselwa i-desulfurizer, i-dehydrant yensimbi, i-fuel ekwenzeni isinyithi, i-deoxidizer enamandla kunye nomthombo wegesi ye-acetylene. Isetyenziswe njengento yokuqala yokulungiswa kwe-calcium cyanamide, i-ethylene, i-rubber chloroprene, i-acetic acid, i-dicyandiamide kunye ne-cyanide acetate. Isetyenziswa kwizibane ze-carbide, iinkanunu zokudlala ezifana ne-big-bang cannon kunye ne-bamboo cannon. Idityaniswe ne-calcium phosphide kwaye isetyenziselwa ukudada, ukuzitshisela isignali ye-navalCalcium carbide yeyona carbide ifanelekileyo kwishishini ngenxa yendima yayo ebalulekileyo njengesiseko soshishino lwe-acetylene. Kwiindawo apho kukho ukunqongophala kwepetroleum, Calcium Carbideisetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokuqala ukuveliswa kwe-acetylene (i-1 kg yezivuno ze-carbide ~ 300 ilitha ye-acetylene), enokuthi, isetyenziswe njengebhloko yokwakha uluhlu lweekhemikhali eziphilayo (umz. i-vinyl acetate, i-acetaldehyde kunye ne-acetic acid. ). Kwezinye iindawo, i-acetylene ikwasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-vinyl chloride, into ekrwada yokuveliswa kwePVC.
Ukusetyenziswa okungabalulekanga kangako Calcium Carbide inxulumene noshishino lweeferiliza. Idibana ne-nitrogen yenze i-calcium cyanamide, eyimathiriyeli yokuqala ukuveliswa kwe-cyanamide (CH2N2). I-Cyanamide yimveliso yezolimo eqhelekileyo esetyenziselwa ukuvuselela amagqabi kwangethuba.
I-Calcium Carbide inokuqeshwa njenge-ejenti ye-desulfurizing ukuvelisa intsimbi ye-carbon sulfur ephantsi. Kwakhona, isetyenziswa njenge-arhente yokunciphisa ukuvelisa isinyithi kwiityuwa zazo, umz, ukunciphisa ngokuthe ngqo kwe-sulfide yobhedu ukuya kwi-metallic copper. amadangatye. Ukongezelela, kubandakanyeka ekunciphiseni i-sulfide yobhedu kwi-metallic copper.
I-Chemwin inokubonelela ngoluhlu olubanzi lwee-hydrocarbons ezininzi kunye nezinyibilikisi zeekhemikhali kubathengi bamashishini.Ngaphambi koko, nceda ufunde olu lwazi lulandelayo olusisiseko malunga nokwenza ishishini nathi:
1. Ukhuseleko
Ukhuseleko yeyona nto iphambili kuthi. Ukongeza ekunikeni abathengi ngolwazi malunga nokusetyenziswa ngokukhuselekileyo nokuhambelana nokusingqongileyo kweemveliso zethu, sikwazimisele ekuqinisekiseni ukuba imingcipheko yokhuseleko lwabasebenzi kunye neekontraka ziyathotywa ukuya kutsho kubuncinane obufanelekileyo nobunokwenzeka. Ngoko ke, sifuna ukuba umthengi aqinisekise ukuba imigangatho efanelekileyo yokukhutshwa kunye nokugcinwa kwemigangatho yokhuseleko idibene ngaphambi kokunikezelwa kwethu (nceda ubhekisele kwisihlomelo se-HSSE kwimimiselo jikelele kunye neemeko zokuthengisa ngezantsi). Iingcali zethu zeHSSE zinokubonelela ngesikhokelo kule migangatho.
2. Indlela yokuhambisa
Abathengi banokuodola kwaye bahambise iimveliso kwi-chemwin, okanye banokufumana iimveliso kwisityalo sethu sokuvelisa. Iindlela ezikhoyo zothutho ziquka iilori, uloliwe okanye uthutho lweendlela ezininzi (kuyasebenza iimeko ezahlukileyo).
Kwimeko yeemfuno zabathengi, sinokucacisa iimfuno zeenqanawa okanye iitanki kwaye sisebenzise imigangatho ekhethekileyo yokhuseleko / ukuhlaziya kunye neemfuno.
3. Ubuncinci bobungakanani bomyalelo
Ukuba uthenga iimveliso kwiwebhusayithi yethu, ubungakanani obuncinci bomyalelo ziitoni ezingama-30.
4.Intlawulo
Indlela yokuhlawula eqhelekileyo itsalwa ngokuthe ngqo kwiintsuku ezingama-30 kwi-invoyisi.
5. Amaxwebhu okuhanjiswa
La maxwebhu alandelayo anikwe ngokuziswa ngakunye:
· Ibhili yokuLading, i-CMR Waybill okanye olunye uxwebhu olufanelekileyo lwezothutho
· Isatifikethi sokuHlalutya okanye ukuThobela (ukuba siyafuneka)
· Amaxwebhu anxulumene neHSSE ngokuhambelana nemigaqo
· Amaxwebhu ezinto eziqhelekileyo ngokuhambelana nemigaqo (ukuba kuyafuneka)